Magyar külpolitika, 1930 (11. évfolyam, 1-7. szám)

1930 / 5. szám - Hungarian Possibilities in Foreign Politics

October 1930 HUNGÁRIA LLOYD 23 rejected tlhe supposition Ihat the situation created by the Treaty of Trianon should be declared as independence. As it is, perhaps even he would not object to our calling by thai certainly not adequate deriomination the purely relatíve situation which really existed between the dependenee from the Russian Empire, on the one hand, and on the other by the fact of being encir'cled by the small nations left to themselves after the collapse of the Russian Empire, showing a eonsiderable deviation in favour of Hungary's situation at the present moment. The proof of tliis assertion should he looked for at the countries whose territories have been enlarged at Hungary's expense. The circumstance thai an artifieial Hungárián revolütion has been aecessary, in order to effecl the occupation, is a sufficient proof that they have no Longer disposed of the ample forces of the Russian Empire. Alsó the fact that they deemed it necessary to mislead the inhabitants of the detached territories in announcing the arrival of French troops. has proved that they did not consider themselves strong enough to effect the occupation. Finally the circumstance that, not supported any longer by the Russian forces, they found it necessary to annex the detached territories at once and to forni a close álliance beetween the Governments interested in the division of Hungary, seems to betray a strong lack of self-confidence behind their annaments which were exceeding their means. Tn view of the strength of the hostile bayonets suiTounding the Hungárián soldier it is far from us to overrate Hungary's present independence. But looking for possibilities in externa] politics, we must establish the fact that the Treaty of Trianon has not for one moment prevented the Hungárián nation — rising from the abyss of ruin — to realize that the arms surrounding her were considerably weaker than those of Russia, which arms, in order to vanquish their own fears, were nbliged to keep up an armed force exceeding their means. In viewing more eloselv what 'he Governments, concerned in the division of Hungary, have hitherto been able to realize of their great schemes, we do not find the balance to he in their favour. For instance, the Hnngrarian-Ruthenian territories have been transferred from Russia's strong hamis into those of the Czechs conetituting a minority in their owu State and who with this Czech minority nre ohliged to defend so bi.« a terrjtory the defence of which would give troubli and care even tn ,-i homocenous State of far greater proportions. This is the reason why the Czechs in conjunction with Serhia and Rumania are so anxious to cafeguard the peace Treaty of Trianon by means of the so called „Little Fntente" until Russia will have regained her former ) iower. The Peace-Conference of Paris did not allot Western Hungary to Ozeehoslovakia by which mean the latter wished to cnt nff Hungary From the West and unité Czechosloyakia witli Serhia i. e. Yugoslavia. As for the resourcefu] suggestion of ad judging the territory in question to Austria, the Germans are the least to blaiue, because it was the Czech Government who offered it to Austria in order to pass it into weaker hamis so that she can annex il the easier should occasion arise, A maniíest proof of this was the striké of the transport workers which broke out in Vienna immediately after the signing of the Treaty of Trianon in order to close the only door which had been left madverfantlv open by the Treaty of Trianon. In lieu of the Russian power which would have been sufficiently strong to blockade Hungary. Russia's protégés had to content themselves with a temporary strike from which, however, even with the most sanguine hopes they could have not expected the fulfilment of the Russian schemes existing previous to the peace treaty. The Hungárián Government, on the other hand, has very wisely chosen the antidote to this attack in accepting the seal reserved to Hungary, as an independent State, in the League of Nations, and in stepping out of the blockade drawn around it and laking place at the tahle of freé i'ations. But in our present position it is of a far gi*eater value that the decision of the Hungárián Government was immediately followed by the revival and regeneration of the nation. Let us review the Hungárián rising geheration! Answering the call of the time, thousands of them are studying foreign languages and armed with adequate knowledge appear everywhere in the society of cultured nations! ]f. in our present misfortune, we had nothing else to promise us a better future than the endeavours and aspirations of our sons to occupy in the society of nations the places to which they are entitled, then we have found a ray of hope in the Hungárián night. T think, however, that today already this point of view appears to be rather pessimistic as compai ed with the aetual situation. Ali along from our starting point, i. e. the dissolution of the Monarchy and the forcing of Hungary into the línssian sphere of interests even as fai' as the Treaty of Trianon, the way seems to lead upwards. Dismemhered Hungary, oscaping the surrounding ring of the Russian arms. has got into the less powerful ring of Russia's protégés as an independent state and not as a Russian province. If this merely formai independence had been of no other ase to Hungary than to make her realize the relaxation of the pressing ties around her and to utilize her seeming independence in joining the League of Nations, we must state that the emerging of a constitution of a thousand years standing from as grave a situation as the present one is means as ;i rule only the beginning of a tenacious fighl for Iife during which it tries to gel rid of all poisons of disease. The drawing up of the Peace Treaty has been an internatioral problem as is alsó its modification, which may be solved only by international means. Peace, on the other hand. is jnst as international a question a- war, because we can neither I"1 at war. nor make peace with ourselves, which means that if we desired to settle a question, which cannot be effected by ourselves alone, we musl no! overlook the importance of our relations to other nations. With which. I hope, I have properly described and explained the idea of the Revision of the Peace Treaty. In statiníi1 that a treaty of peace may only be drawn up or modified by international means, we must alsó establish the fact that the Treaty of Trianon was drawn np by only one partv with the totál exclusion of the other party, i. e. in neglecting the