Bérmunkás, 1931. július-december (19. évfolyam, 643-667. szám)
1931-10-08 / 656. szám
6. oldal BÉRMUNKÁS Október 8. JUNIORS COLUMN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITALISM By DAN HORSLEY. (Continued) HÉTKÖZNAPOK “What effect did it have on the workers when machinery was first, introduced? The workers tried to smash the machines. These people wrerc called Luddites. It took a long time for the workers to learn to combine their strength against the capitalists. They learned by experience, but at what a cost. “In the early struggles the workers were not gathered together in large numbers. Capitalists production was in a state of fluctuation. Suppose there was a shop controlled by one capitalist in which were made textiles, two machines7 driving 1000 spindles, employing 20 workers. A new invention comes to market whereby two machines could drive 4,000 spindles with the same number of workers. — What would happen to the capitalist who owned the machines which produced 1.000? He would go out of business. “We see all this development leading to two things: the growth of capitalism brought out greater inventions creating large industries crushing the small capitalist out of business. We »tie large production, more workers; beginning of trades, and a creation of a social sys- i tern of production. Now the wankers continually in and out ’ a job with each new develop- j ment, did ,*not organize as a j class. First came the organiza- | tiori of the individual shop. This ) was as far as they could see for the protection of their interest. Then came the organization . of the factory for more protection. Later came the trade where workers banded together under their given trade. They had not ! reached the goal for their protection, so trades unionism came into existence, now these were not the final words in organization, as I wish to’ explain.” I had certainly enjoyed listening to the old man and waited to hear what he had to say next. “You will notice, I mentioned, that the bourgeois had to con- stantly revolutionize the means of production. That fact has brought about a need for a change in their organization. At one time there were distinct tra- j des with their respective tradesmen. A certain amount of skill was necessary to turn out the work. Look at the blacksmith. He was always a man who could j be seen making horse shoes, and | there were thousands of them in j the cities. Now how many can you see? Shoes are made in the big shops, the nails are made by machinery, and the tractors I and autos are iftaking the horse and the blacksmith disappear. |j “Take any modern industry.Sh You will find that men are becoming mere automations, just to fit the material together that is made according to the standardized plan. The river e. g. as well as the steel worker, are passing because there is something cheaper and better takipg tlieir’s places — that is to say, electric welding. That is what is happening to a good many trades today, reducing the working class to the level of the unskilled workers. Now the trades are disappearing, yet there are trade unions. They cannot fight for conditions in their respective trades because they have been absorbed by the development of the machine process. Each one thinks it can win against conditions alone. “They cannot win even if they do win a strike. Why? As machinery develops it has this feature: It produces more with fewer workers. It produces a surplus for the capitalist. To sell this surplus the capitalist must export it as the workers cannot buy it back only to the extent that their pay envelopes allow them. — Each capitalist country built on the same plan. Soon there is so much produced that cannot he sold. The capitalists having this surplus shut down the industries and workers are laid off. Now this brings a crisis and the unions are powerless because their aims are for wages, hours, and conditions. (Continued) COMMENT A slight mistake oceured in publishing Dan Horsley’s story on capitalism. In the issue of the 17th the third part of his story was published instead of the second. The mistake oceured in the Bérmunks office. However Hovewer in last issue (the 24th) we published the second part. Those who have been pasting the story in their scrap book should put the issue of the 24th before that of the 17th in order to get the story right. In one more issue it will be complete. ... The Jr. Ed. thanks the Juniors for the fine, cooperation given him during* the past year (from convention to convention) in making this a suecesful column. Also to Dan Horsley with the further aid of the Juniors and Fellow worker Horsley we will surely keep the column going... MINDENNEMŰ ANYAGI TÁMOGATÁS A KENTUCKY-I BÁNYÁSZOK VÉDELMÉRE AZ ALÁBBI CÍMRE KÜLDENDŐ: GENERAL DEFENSE COMMETTEE, 555. W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO. ILL. 42 bányász kivégzését követeli Kentucky állam ügyésze. E hir hallatára csendes szomorúság váltja fel lelkűnkben a folytonos lázadást. Lelki szemeinkkel magunk előtt látjuk Kentucky állam kék hegyeit, a kíméletlen bírákat és 42 bányász sápadt arcát. Mesék jutnak az eszünkbe, — amit egyszer régen hallottunk, amikor még hinni tudtunk a mesékben. Hogy van Igazság! Csak azt nem tudjuk, hogy merre jár? Kerestük mi munkások az igazságot Saeeo és Vanzetti pőrében is. De az igazság ahhoz még kell és vele együtt még kell a munkásosztály két bátor harcosa is: Sacco és Vanzetti. Mert az igazságot nagyon nehéz megtalálni, ha szegény em berekről van szó. Itt is, ott is eldördül egy revolver és megölt valakit. És perbe fognak szegény bányászokat és elitélik őket hosszú börtönökre, vagy ha a bíráknak éppen úgy tetszik —halálra. Elitélik őket s nem törődnek vele, hogy kis gyermekeket fosztanak meg az apjuktól, vagy egy özvegy anyát a kenyérkere- sőjétöl. És bánatba, nyomorba STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, -ETC., REQUI RED BY THE ACT OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST 24. 1912. Of Bérmunkás published weekly at New York, N. Y., for oet. > 1. 1931 .State of New York, — , j County of New York. Before me a notary public in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared Ijouis Fishhein, who having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the business manager of the Bérmunkás and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership, management and if a daily paper, the circulation) etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the Act of August 24. 1912, embodied in section 411, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing eritor, and business managers are: Publisher: Industrial Workers of the World, 555 W. Lake St. Chicago, 111. Editor: Louis Fishhein, 131 E. 87th St.. New York, N. Y„ Managing Editor Louis Fishhein 131. E. 87th St., New York, N. Y., Business Mger Louis Fish- bein, 131 E. 87th St., New York. N. Y. 2. That the owner is: Industrial Workers of the World, 555 W. Lake St., Chicago, 111., Herbert Mahler, Gen. Secy, Treasurer 555 W. Lake St. Chicago, 111. 3. That the known bondholdintenek sok-sok családot. Mert ilyen esetben nem közönséges kéj gyilkosokról, magukról megfeledkezett vagy beteg emberekről van szó. Akik szégyent hozva családjukra és a család örvend, hogy a törvény keze megszabadítja- tőlük őket. Hanem becsületes, munkás emberekről van szó, akiknek minden hünük az, hogy gondolkozni mernek. 42 ember élete elenyészően kevés ,sok millió ember életében számítva. De nekünk sok, nagyon sok, nekünk minden — a szabadság, jövő............... Bármilyen szomorú is legyen ez a folytonos megismétlődő munkásüldözés, mi mégis azt mondjuk: jól van ez Így .... mi mégis győzni fogunk. Ha börtönbe jutnak és .meghalnak ártatlanok, mégis heteljesedik az, amit az IWW hirdet: “Le a bérrendszerrel! A világ szabadsága függ a helyes szervezkedéstől! Be az IWW-ha.” Mert csak a szervezett erővel lehet igazságtalanságokat megszüntetni. j ders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or I other securities are: none. 4. That the two paragraphs j next above, giving the names of the owner s. stockholders and [ security holders, if any, contain j not only the list of stockholders and securityholders as they appear upon the hooks of the company but also in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee is acting, is given; also that the said two paragraphs contain statements embracing affiant’s full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon »the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this affiant has no 'Oion io biliévé that any other person, association, or corporation lias any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other securities than as so iStated by him. Louis Fishhein, business mgr. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 3d day of Oct. 1931. Heiman Epstein, notary Public. My commission „.tf expires March 30, 1933. Brooks Elza.
