Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 4. (Budapest, 2009)
Recenziók
Abstracts 445 spatial structure took form in the late medieval and early modern periods ( 16th— 17th centuries). It is proposed that until the mid-16th century the town was a single-street settlement of much more modest form than that suggested by the written sources. Many of its buildings (the whole eastern side) were timber, which may have been the reason for the destruction of the town’s buildings in 1532. The siege was instrumental in the restructuring of both sites. Behind the town gate, fortified by various defensive structures, the buildings in the new (eastern) row of the town centre were built on a uniform pattern by a local elite comprising mostly craftsmen and traders who settled there in the second half of the 16th century. The fully closed terrace comprised individual buildings, but had become general by the end of the period (turn of the 17th and 18th centuries). Local building history research is the basis for an outline of the development of the dwelling houses’ building materials, roof forms, exterior and interior decoration, spatial cover, flooring, heating and furnishings over a period of some two hundred years. DÓRA KUZMA Space usage in 16th century Besztercebánya (Banská Bistrica) 16th century Besztercebánya was centred around the “Ring” district, from which streets, waterways, public buildings and manors led to the town wall forming the physical and administrative boundary of the town, and the lands beyond. The Ring, whose buildings were the homes of the elite “Ringbürgers” and public buildings such as the Fugger houses, was central to the town in every respect. To live here was to enjoy privileges such as the right to sell wine; the 12 members of the town council - one of which was elected magistrate - were also drawn from its residents. The main public buildings - the tower, the council hall and the prison - and the cemetery were all on the Ring or had a connection to the northern corner. The streets spread out from here, first through gardens and manors belonging to the houses, later occupied by dwelling houses on which leases were granted. The population of Besztercebánya must have been 2600-2900 in the period of study, but in 1542 there were only 171 dwelling houses in the town, implying an average occupation of 15-17. The number of known changes of ownership between 1532 and 1552 was about 30-40, so there was considerable trade in property during the period. Prices were highest for Ring houses, and decreased naturally towards the outside of the town. The river - the Garam - defined the town’s location and also served the purposes of trade and defence. The gates and the town wall were primarily of defensive
