Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 4. (Budapest, 2009)
Recenziók
Abstracts 443 intersection became the site of the main square. Only a few of the 15 known medieval street names (e.g. Szent Ferenc utca) can be located exactly. The area that includes the later district of Püspökvár [= Bishops’s Castle], in the north west of the city, was the earliest and most important part of the city. The most recent archaeological excavations show that the first district grew up beside the episcopal centre, where there was a seven-lobed church built as a burial chapel (cella septichora) in the late Roman Era. This church continued in use up to the Mongol invasion (1241/1242), probably as a cathedral during the early Árpád Era and then as the parish church for the district to its south. Houses and palaces for the canons started to be built on the east side of the cathedral in the 13th century. The population of the new district increased very quickly, and led to the building of a new parish church, dedicated to St Bartholomew, which later became the main parish church of the city. Another district may be delineated near the south city gate, around St Benedict’s Church. It also seems likely that St Stephen’s Chapel formed the centre of a district to the south of Püspökvár. No study of the medieval urban topography of Pécs should fail to mention the mendicant orders, of which four settled in the city. The Franciscans built their church and friary beside the west gate. The Dominicans and the Carmelites established their friaries to the south east of the city centre. Interestingly, the 14lh century city wall did not embrace the economically important district of Malomszeg, whose significance is borne out by the presence of several ecclesiastical institutions. In the centre was a parish church dedicated to All Saints, and nearby were the friary of the Augustine hermits and the convent of the Dominican nuns. Also in the district was the Chapel of Corpus Christi, which was of particular importance for late-medieval supplicatory processions and the procession of Corpus Christi. KATALIN ÉDER Market towns and parish churches in medieval Hegy alja The first stage of this study was to define Hegyalja as an area and the group of Hegyalja market towns. Archaeological data was used in combination with the written sources to gain as full a view of the spatial structure of Hegyalja market towns as the sources permit. Religious affairs in a town or village could be concentrated on one or more points. The primary node of religious in the towns was the parish church. The paper also discusses the place in the spatial structure of other ecclesiastical buildings in the town,
