Urbs - Magyar Várostörténeti Évkönyv 9. (Budapest, 2014)
Abstracts
324 Abstracts LÁSZLÓ SZABOLCS GULYÁS Commercial Norms and Transgressors in the Medieval Market Towns The late medieval market towns’ commercial norms were defined by multilevel provisions. Several urban and market privileges created by the king as well as general decrees which were effective in the whole country set the framework of that system. Consensus between the squire and the given market town, moreover local customs, which were in many cases edited into statutes in the 16th century, supplemented the said structure. These rules gave answer for every question. The said provisions regulated several issues such as the date of the markets; who could and what kind of articles sell; what could be treated as swindle and what not; situations after the market, for example the cleaning the marketplace. The informal commerce took place besides the markets had as well own customs which were in some parts diversified by moral elements. Mostly the council of the market town, in some places with complement of the suzerainty of the squire controlled the several forms of the commerce. ZSUZSANNA J. ÚJVÁRY Marriage and Adultery, Fornication in the Free Royal City of Kassa in the 16th—18th Centuries Kassa was a free royal city and implemented the Buda Law. The jury governed the city in line with the provisions of the Buda Law and the statutes created by the municipal magistrates. According to the standards of that age the magistracy organized naturally the life of the community which it directed. This body prescribed for everyone the rights and obligations, whatever these had economic, political, material, moral or religious nature. All classes and members of the community accepted the prescribed norms which kept together it. The members of the community had to live in line with the tacitly accepted values (respectable family life, faithful moral behaviour) otherwise they were condemned. Thus the behaviour of those who belonged to the urban locality were permanently controlled and watched. An order of values was emerged which contained elements from the useful to the harmful and the behaviours and individuals differed from the norms were disciplined.
