Bősz Attila (szerk.): A Nagy Háború és következményei a Dél-Dunántúlon - Baranyai Történelmi Közlemények 7. A Baranya Megyei Levéltár évkönyve, 2016 (MNL BaML Pécs, 2020)
Angol nyelvű összefoglalók
Summary Gyula Kalász Schools in Pécs during the Serbian Occupation On the basis of the Belgrade convention Pécs came under Serbian occupation, too. After a short seemingly peaceful transition period the efforts to achieve annexation of the territory became more and more violent. First these involved only the expropriation of administration, then all the spheres of life. Alluding to war law the Serbians began to loot the institutions of the city. Due to the traditional character of Pécs as a city of schools almost all segments of the education network became victims of this era. In the first phase the Narodna Uprava of Újvidék (Novi Sad) tried to extend its administrative power under its own authority. As central Hungarian politics had left the region alone, schools got into a more and more defenceless situation. This was further worsened by the economic hardships resulting from the demarcation line. Unrest had a disadvantageous impact on those educating and those learning alike. Directors and teachers' staffs had to suffer conflicts one after the other. The second wave of attacks was of a financial and cultural character. The plundering of the entire equipment of libraries containing valuable rarities of schools of long standing and rich traditions with vandalism was on the schedule. The staff of the Military Academy were banned and expelled over the demarcation line. Last but not least one has to mention violence against persons as well which did not spare teachers and students either. The atrocities were mostly retaliatory and involved physical harassments. The occupants extended the authority of military courts to all cases. Later on several leaders of the failed Soviet Republic arrived to the city as refugees and while establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat they collaborated with the occupation forces, thereby acting in an even more brutal way. At last the ratification of the treaty of peace brought along liberation and the return to the motherland. Zoltán Kaposi The Economic Effects of the Great War in Pécs In the period of the dual Monarchy Pécs was a swiftly developing city, heavy industry and coal mining took the lead in the economic rise. The outbreak of the First World War, however, broke this dynamism. On economy and society alike the war exercised primarily negative impacts. A part of labour force was called up to the army and this inevitably resulted in a notable shortage of employees in a number of large and small enterprises. Real incomes of the population were decreasing, many could only get on with the help of war benefits. Due to the lack of raw materials and the decline of demand there was a drop in production. In order to safeguard the provision a stress was laid on agricultural production with a special emphasis on horti286
