Szilágyi András (szerk.): Ars Decorativa 19. (Budapest, 2000)

Ildikó NAGY: Copies of Murals from Anak Tomb No. 3 in the Korean Collection of the Ferenc Hopp Museum of Eastern Asiatic Arts

The other characteristic of the Koguryo murals was the differentiation of the figures according to their social position through their representation, e.g. by their height. Aristocrats were taller than low-ranking servants. Koguryo tomb murals that followed the iconography and model of Chinese tomb painting in their Early Period, later endeavoured to break with the Chinese traditions both in the method of representation (Kor. hwabop) and the structure of the composition (Kor. gudo), thus creating an original Koguryo style (Kor. hangúk yangshik) . The characteristics of this Koguryo style are the following: impulsive expression, the visual perception of the dynamism of the action, and the spon taneous naturalistic representation of the different scenes of life. The Koguryo tomb murals suggest the feeling that people at the time considered these old tombs to be the extended spheres of life in this world. Summarizing our knowledge about Koguryo tomb murals we can come to the conclusion that they had gone through the stages of development and change but did not reach the period of decline. The development of the tomb murals would have remained unbroken for one or two centuries if the fall of Koguryo had not taken place and they would have gone through all the phases of the change of a style, i.e. beginning (Kor. sengsong), maturity (Kor. songjang) and decline (Kor. nosoe). NOTES 1 The copies of the murals of Anak Tomb No. 3 were prepared by the painter Chong Hyon-ung — as he is mentioned in contemporary documents — while the model of the tomb was executed by a Korean sculptor in Summer 1954. See the documents A-256/1954, A-3

15/1954, A-326/1954 and A-334/1954. in the Archive of the Ferenc Hopp Museum of Eastern Asiatic Arts. According to the content of document A-334/1954 copies from the murals were prepared for the State History Museum in P'yongyang, too. Inventory numbers in the Korean Collection of the Ferenc Hopp Museum: H.55.788-55.797.1.2. 2 A Hopp Ferenc Kelet-Ázsiai Művészeti Múzeum Emlékkönyve. 1919-1969. Budapest, 1970. pp. 62-63. 3 Breaking Cultural Barriers. (Viewpoint). In: Koreas Weekly Magazine, Vol. 28. No. 19. (May 8, 1999), p. 4. Kim Wonyong: Hangúk pyokhwa kobun. (Korean Ancient Tombs with Wall Paintings). Seoul, Iljisa, 1996. pp. 41-44; Kim Yongjun: Koguryo kobun pyokhwa yongu (Study of Koguryo Ancient Tombs' Wall Paintings). P'yongyang, 1958. pp. 104-116; Gardiner, K. H. J.: The Early History of Korea. Canberra, 1969. n. 55. Kim Yongjun: Ibid. p. 111. 6 Kim Wonyong: Ibid. p. 43. 7 Kim Yongjun: Ibid. p. 110. 8 Kim Wonyong: Ibid. pp. 76-78. and Kim Yongjun: Ibid. P. 110. 9 Kim Wonyong: Ibid. pp. 42, 45, 57, 93. 10 Hangúk misul munhwaui ihae. Seoul, 1994. pp. 111-114. 1 Kim Wonyong. Ibid. pp. 55-56. 12 Kim Wonyong: Ibid. pp. 57-58. Kim Wonyong: Ibid. p. 60. 14 Kim Wonyong: Ibid. pp. 62-85; Kim Yongjun: Ibid. pp. 40-41,56-58,63-82. 15 Kim Wongyong: Ibid. pp. 75-77; Kim Yongjun: Ibid. pp. 68-72. 16 Kim Wonyong: Ibid. pp. 85-88; Kim Yongjun: Ibid. pp. 85-86.