Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 19. Budapest, 1986)

portions. According to the mean values the series is high. It can be stated, on the basis of the calculated indices, that hyperdolichocranial and dolichocranial crania are the most common, but mesocrans are present at almost the same ratio. The series can be characterized as dolichocranial according to the means. The mean value of the length-height cranial index indicates hypsicrany, but the majority of skulls is orthocranic and a lesser number of them hyperhyp si cranial; hyperacrocrania is typical according to the width-height index. The transversal-frontoparietal index mean points towards eurymetopy but hypereurymetopic, metriometopic and eurymetopic foreheads occur in equal quantities. Skull circumference sphenoid or ovoid in norma verticalis. In norma occipitalis it is bomb- and house-shaped. Glabella moderately drawn back (degree Broca 3), arcus superciliaris limited. Protuberantia occipitalis externa weak or marked (degree Broca 3 and 2), linea nuchae moderate or marked. Processus mastoideus big or very big, muscle insertion pronounced (Table 7). The facial skeleton can be characterized by the following features: Zygomatic arc medium wide in the average but it is clear from the distribution that facial skeletons suitable for analysis have mainly a very narrow check bone. Midface generally wide and medium wide or narrow. Morphological face-height value and upper face height medium high. Orbitae very low, low and medium high at the same rate. Arc low and very narrow in the average. Nasal cavity medium high and medium wide in the averages, but it is evident from the distribution that narrow noses make up the majority of the male series. Velum very long and medium wide. Indices reveal leptoprosopic faces. Mean value of upper face lepten but all categories occurring from euryen to lepten. Orbita most frequently hypsiconch, but mesoconch according to its mean value. Nose leptorrhine and mesorrhine. Palate leptostaphyline in the average, but all categories are represented in the series (Tables 2, 4). Some morphological characteristics of the face are summarized in the followings: Spina nasalis anterior developed to 3 and 2 degrees. Fossa canina small (Table 7). A moderate alveolar prognathism recognizable. Bilateral tubercle of mandible rather frequent. Females: Brain case, according to the mean values, medium long, high, narrow (Tables 3, 4, 15). However, it is clearly evident from the distribution that medially narrow and very narrow skulls are present in the same proportion. Dolichocranial according to the lengthwidth index, but hyperdolichocranial, dolichocranial and mesocranial by the mean value of the length-height index; in fact, all categories except hyperhypsicrany can be found within the series. Hyperacrocrany can be established on the basis of the width-height index. Eurymetopy is typical according to the mean value of the transversal-frontoparietal index, but the bulk of the skulls is hypereurymetopic. Cranial circumference in norma verticalis sphenoid in most cases and bomb-shaped in norma occipitalis. Glabella mainly not drawn at all or drawn only to a very small extent (degree Broca 1 and 2). Protuberantia occipitalis externa distinguished (Broca 1) and squama occipitalis often plain (Broca 0). Processus mastoideus medium or small (Table 7), The facial skeleton can be characterized by the following features: Medium wide midface with narrow zygomatic arc. Face and midface low according to the means. Nasal cavity medium wide and medium high. Velum medium wide and medium high in the average. According to the mean values of indices face leptoprosopic, mesen. Orbita mesoconch, nasal cavity mesorrhine. Palate hyperleptostaphyline (Tables 3, 4). It should be remarked here that the number of cases is unfortunately very limited. Some morphological characteristics of the face are summarized in the followings: Spina nasalis anterior developed to 2 and 3 degrees. Fossa canina small (Table 7). A moderate alveolar prognathism can be noticed. Trigonum mentale rounded or weakly expressed. Only the measurements necessary for the reconstruction of stature were taken on the skeletal bones. According to BREITINGER's pattern the average statur

e of males was 166.86 cm, big-medium. The range of variation was 155.50- 176.00 (Table 16). The value of stature calculated by PEARSON'S method was 164.48 cm, medium (Table 5). The range of variation was 149. 50-174. 74. According to BACH's scheme the average stature of females was 158.29 cm, big-medium. The range of variation was 150.00- 164.50 (Table 17), The value of stature calculated by PEARSON'S method was 154.27 cm, medium (Table 6). The range of variation was 148. 12-160.98. On the average the difference between the stature of the two sexes was about 9-10 cm. When taking into account the range of variation as well it can be stated that as far as their stature was concerned the males presented a much wider spectrum of differences (20-25 cm) than the females (12-14 cm).