Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 17. Budapest, 1981)

Kaján are less similar. It differs the most from the male series of Madaras-Téglavető (Figure 11). The females of Fészerlak-Puszta, Ártánd, KékeBd produce the greatest similarity to the females of Vác-Kavicsbánya. The female series of Pókaszepetk, Környe, Keszthely are different from our female series. The female series of Madaras-Téglavető differs the most from our ones (Figure 13). The cemetery of Váchartyán shows little similarity at both sexes. The male series of Üllő n, Szekszárd-Palánk, Keszthely and Fészerlak-Puszta are very closely related to our male series on the' basis of the relations of cranial height-orbital height and nasal breadth-facial breadth. The male groups of Váchartyán, M adaras-Téglavető, Ártánd and especially markedly of Előszállás are different (Figure 12). In the case of female series, the finds of Pókaszepetk are very similar to those of VácKavicsbánya. The series of Fészerlak-Puszta, Keszthely, Üllő II cemeteries are still relatively close to our one. The series of Környe, Váchartyán, Madaras-Téglavető and Előszállás are fairly far from our one (Figure 14). As a summary we can state that the male and female series of the Vác-Kavicsbánya indicate similarities and differences mostly with the same cemeteries, as far as ALEXEYEV A' s special indices are concerned. Considering all the four indices we can find proximity to the populations of Fészerlak-Puszta and Kékesd and difference to those of Madaras-Téglavető and Előszállás-Bajcsihegy. COMPARISON OF FACIAL FLATNESS MEASUREMENTS We managed to take under the comparative examination based on the evaluation of primary taxonomical characteristics the data of 13 cemeteries (TŐTH 1970) beside the material of Vác-Kavicsbánya and the average values calculated for the Europoids, the Mongoloids, the Avars of the 7th-8th centuries (TŐTH 1958) and for the conquering Hungarians (TOTH 1965) (Tables 15 and 16, Figures 15-26). The facial flatness examination of Avar period series occuring in comparison by other methods has not been carried out yet. On the basis of primary characteristics the males of Vác-Kavicsbánya indicate similarity to the male groups of Környe, Üllő I and Csákberény. The male series of Szebény is less similar, but the cemeteries of Váchartyán, Alattyán and Előszállás are the most different. The female series shows the closest resemblance to the female groups of Homokmégy-Halom, Előszállás-Bajcsihegy, Kecel I and Alattyán, while Ártánd and Üllő I are far from it. The females of Váchartyán are also different. It is perceptible at both sexes that there is no similarity to the conquering Hungarians and to the Mongoloids. An interesting comparison presents itself between our cemetery and the Avar and Europoid average population. Vác-Kavicsbánya is generally closer to them, than to the conquering Hungarians and the female series occurs as a transition between the average Avar and Europoid population, in more than one connections. The evaluation of primary characters does not verify the supposition based on the frequency sequence of occuring taxons, in the sense of which our cemetery would be a transition between the Europid type Avar period population and the population of the Árpád-period. One of the reasons of this can be, that while we compared averages in the case of primary characteristics, the taxonomical analysis is based on the results of individual diagnosis. THE RELATION OF PFC AND FACIAL FLATNESS INDEX Considering value of the praeauricular facio-cerebral index (PFC), which turned out to be 88.2 in the case of our cemetery, the series of Vác-Kavicsbánya resemble the Europoids, more closely the bulkier and wider face type, which is characteristic for Northern territories. TOTH (1974) isolates a more gracile, narrower faced Southern group beside the bulkier Northerners within the Europoid and Mongoloid groups, on the basis of PFC values. Our series resembles the cemeteries of Kékesd and Környe from the comparative series (Table 17). The relationship of PFC and facial flatness index is represented by Figure 27. Beside PFC and facial flatness index data of Europoids (Middle Ages) those of Europo-Mongoloids (Sarmatian