Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 17. Budapest, 1981)

of Sükösd (KŐHEGYI & MARCSIK 1971). The occurence of Charaaecrans in Avar period series callB for further examinations - because of its Race- and Ethnogenetical significance. The low number of skullB suitable for analysis warns ua to be cautious when summarizing the results of taxonomical examinations (9.7% of the population, 15.5% of the adult males and females). It can be stated, that the Avar period cemetery of Vác-Kavicsbánya 1B of Europid character. The order of main race components is: Nordoids (30.8%), Brachycranians (25.6%), Cromagnoids and Mediterraneans (both 17.9%), Chamaecran Europoids (7.7%). The osteological material of our cemetery is heterogeneous on the basis of these. The male and female series show some dissimilarities, but the differences are insignificant. The order of the types' frequency is the same as that of the whole cemetery In the case of females, while the number of Brachycrans is the greatest in the case of males, but the other types very closely follow It. The share of Chamaecrans is the least at both sexes. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS We compared the osteological material of our cemetery with 21 other Avar period series. Several viewpoints dictated the choice of these cemeteries. We took in consideration the case numbers of series beside the distribution in space and time. We chose 9 Transdanubian cemeteries, 9 ones from between the Danube and the Tisza and 3 ones from beyond the Tisza on the basis of theße. These were used between the 6th and the 9th Centuries. We carried out the comparison by utilizing several methods. THE RESULTS OF TAXONOMICAL EXAMINATIONS The majority of Europids is characteristic for the anthropological series found and written up the Avar period. In the order of their rate of share Brachycrans, Nordoids, Cromagnoids and Mediterraneans make up the more important race components. The population of the 10th-12th centuries can be characterized with the order: Nordoids, Mediterraneans, Cromagnoids and Brachycrans (LIPTÁK a VÁMOS 1969). On the basis of this the Avar period cemetery of Vác-KavicBbánya is a transition between the Avar period'

s Europid population and the populations of the Arpadian age. The males reflect more of the Avar period' s average population than the females or the cemetery as a whole do. The comparison was made more difficult by the fact, that a number of authors used methods differing from LIPTÁK' s taxonomical method that I applied, and they didn't always specify their system. Considering the full image of our series the cemetery shows no identity with any of the comparative series. The material of the 6th-7th century Előszállás-Baj csihegy, which is characterized by the lack of Mongoloid elements and by the great frequency of the Nordic type, can be declared similar. However, the ratio of Mediterraneans and Brachycrans is different. The Fehértó-A and Homokmégy-Halom late Avar period cemeteries are analogous to our one on the basis of the frequency sequence of the more important taxons appearing. But there is an important difference too, namely that Mongoloid elements also occure in these series, if only In small percentage. The same types constitute the material of the cemeteries of Alattyán, Tiszavasvár and Szeged-Kundomb as that of Vác-Kavicsbánya. However, the incidence sequence of the taxons occuring is different. The Brachycran elements are dominant, these are followed by the Cromagnoid and Nordic types and in the least quantity by the Mediterranean group. Considering their anthropological aspects these cemeteries reflect the most the average population of the Avar period. Our male series are closer to them than our cemetery as a whole. The males of Vác-Kavicsbánya show similarities especially to the series of Szeged-Kundomb, which is characterized by the greatest percentage of Brachycrans, by the almost equal percentages of Cromagnoids and Nordoids and by the appearence of Chamaecrans. Our cemetery produces the greatest dissimilarities in comparison with the Avar period series of Madaras-Téglavető, in which the percentage of Mongoloids is 58% and the sequence of Europid components is: Cromagnoids, Brachycrans, Mediterraneans. The Üllő I cemetery is also different, which 1B characterized by frequency sequence of Chinid-Mediterranean-Cromagnoid. An interesting comparison could be executed with the 7th-8th century cemetery of Váchartyán