Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 17. Budapest, 1981)

make up 24.2% of the population (Tables 1 and 2). The number of children in comparison with the number of adults is small and irrealistic. This is especially true in comparison with ACSÁDI' s (1965) average for the Arpadian period by which the proportion of individuals who died in Infans I age was 33.7%. The relatively small number of individuals of Infans I can be explained probably not by favourable mortality but by burial customs (ERY 1967). One of the theories is that not all the children were buried in the community' s cemetery. One of it' s evidences - though not an unconditional one - is a single child grave found near a house at the excavation of Transdanubian Avar settlement (MAKKAY 1966). It is possible that girls had not the same economic and social value as boys and so they were not buried in the common cemetery always. The determination of sex by histo-chemical method can help us to solve this problem (ERY 1967). The number of males is 107 and that of females is 145. We can tell on the basis of distribution by age that 39.3% of the males died in adult and 59.8% in mature age. 62.1% of the females died in adult age and only 33.8% lived to mature age. This rate could develop as a result of maternity (ACSÁDI 1965). GENERAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Brain-cases of males according to the mean-values are medium long, medium wide and medium high. They are dolichocranic, orthocranic, acrocranic, metriometopic according to the calculated indices. The characteristics of facial skeletons are as follows: medium wide zygomatic arc with narrow bizygomatic breadth. Faces are of medium height, upper faces are low. Orbitum are medium wide and low. Nasal apertures are medium wide, low. Facial skeletons according to the indices are mesoprosopic and euryen. Orbitum are chamaeconch. Noses are mesorrhine. Palates are mesostaphyline (Tables 3 and 4). Brain-cases of females according to the mean-values are medium long, medium wide and medium high. They are mesocranic, orthocranic, metriocranic and metriometopic by the calculated indices. The characteristics of facial skeletons on the basis of the mean-values: medium wide zygomatic arc with medium bizygomatic breadth. Faces are medium height, upper faces are low. Orbitum are medium wide and low. Nasal cavities are medium wide, medium high. Facial skeletons are mesoprosopic and euryen according to the indices. Orbitum are chamaeconch. Noses are mesorrhine. Palates are brachystaphyline (Tables 3 and 5). It Is verifiable on the basis of the results of the morphological marks' examination that the male skulls' circumferences in norma verticalis are - in almost equal numbers - birsoid and sphenoid. Glabella is generally markedly developed. The most frequent is degree 3. Arcus superciliaris is strong. Protuberantia occipitalis externa is medially developed. Processus mastoideus is strongly or medially developed. Apertúra piriformis is anthropin in 44.7% of the cases. Fossa praenasalis can be seen at 36.8%. Spina nasalis anterior is medially developed, usually of degrees 3 and 4. Fossa canina is flat or medium deep. Alveolar prognathy is mostly moderate. Abrasion of teeth is considerable in 32.1%. Females' skulls circumference in norma verticalis is pentagonoid in the majority of cases. Glabella is weakly developed, most frequently of degrees 1 and 2. Arcus superciliaris is mostly flat, protuberantia occipitalis externa is weakly developed, the proportion of degrees 0 and 1 is almost the same. Processus mastoideus is usually small. Apertúra piriformis is anthropin in 55.6%, fossa praenasalis can be seen in 33.3%. Spina nasali6 anterior is medially developed, most frequently of degree 3. Two contrasting groups occured when we studied fossa canina: flat in 32,4% and deep in 29.7%. Alveolar prognathy is moderate and expressed in the same proportions. Teeth are less worn than that of males: there is no abrasion in 60% or only the abrasion of masticatory surfaces has begun. This difference can be the result of the lower mortality age of females (Table 6). Stature of males on the average is great medium calculated by BREITINGER'

s method (high is the most frequent by distribution). Calculated by MANOUVRIER we got a medium stature value (small medium is the most frequent category by distribution). Stature of females on the average is high on the basis of BACH'

s method (the rate of great medium is the highest by distribution). A small medium value occured by MANOUVRIER' s method (small medium being the most frequent by distribution too). The two methods produce strikingly different, contradictionary results. It would be a mistake to consider any of them absolutely valid. However the comparison of series