Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 10. Budapest, 1971)
The differences between the subject materials of the "local" and "eastern" groups apparently support Dr. Lengyel' s statements. It is known namely that a burial with shells is a rather frequent occurrence in the Late Avar Period burials, whereas it is much rarer in the cemeteries of the Conquest period (Éry, 1968), It may be assumed therefore that the appearance of this finding in the burial rites at Tengelic owes its existence to "local" effects. At the same time, the furniture of the "eastern" group appears, with the exception Of the simple hair-ring, indubitably with the appearance of .the Conquerors themselves in Hungary. If the anthropological composition of the two groups is now examined, a certain difference can again be found. The proportion of the dolichocranial individuals (including also the children) in the "local" group is 43 per cent , and merely 17 per cent in the "eastern" group. At the same time, the proportion of the Pamirian element is equal in both groups. However, the archeological and anthropological phenomena, outlined above, are not decisive with regard to the problem concerned. The number of cases of the two groups is namely so small that any difference may owe its existence also to mere chance. In other words, I. Lengyel' s statement cannot be verified or refuted either archeologically or anthropologically. It should be noted, however, that the presence of two, chemically different groups within the same cemetery cannot be explained only by one of them having an eastern, and the other a local, origin. The exogamous marriage system of the Conquest Magyars and the heterogeneous ethnic composition of the population may allow also the conjecture that two families, arriving from the east but different in origin, might have entered into relationship with each other. Whatever might, however, have been the basic elements of the population at Tengelic, its'head must have been some one (the male of Grave No. 24) who, according to the chemical data, be64
