Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 10. Budapest, 1971)

of course possible that the few demolished graves contained male skeletons, and in this case the sex ratio of the adult individuals was also equal. The fact, however, that the life expectancy of the females at Tengelic was - between the ages 20 and 30 years - lower in general by 2.6 years than that of the males may explain the phenomenon. Owing to the higher rate of mortality of this age group, the repeated marriages of the males equalizes the sex ratio of the living population, resulting, in the final analysis, a female surplus among the dead. Nor is it excluded, however, that there was in fact not a surplus of females but that of the males in the population,a possible result of the military forays to foreign lands in the tenth century. The possible female surplus at Tengelic is noteworthy rather because the view is widely held among historians, archeologists and anthropologists that a male surplus is characteristic of the cemeteries dating back to the Conquest era. However, the complete and integrated archeological excavations in recent years submit an increasing amount of reliable source material for the study of the problem. Table 5 shows the sex ratio of the adults of six cemeteries of various grades of excavation and size, and a female surplus appears in four of them. Though this material is still meagre, it still seems to be sufficient to question the one-sided views held on the male surplus of the cemeteries of the Conquest era. The characteristics of sexual expressedness Studying the 22 sex-defining characters on the available skeletal remains, 5 grades were set up in accordance with the method applied: +2 and +1 denote a masculine, -2 and -1 a feminine character, while the value 0 denotes an intersex form of appearance. Table 6 shows the grade of the general sexual expressed-