A dél-dunántúli aprófalvak és szórványok település- és társadalomtörténete - Zalai Gyűjtemény 27. (Zalaegerszeg, 1987)

E-szekció - Knézy Judit: Gazdasági változások Belső-Somogyban a XIX. század második felében

JUDIT KNÉZY: ECONOMIC CHANGES IN INNER-SOMOGY DURING THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19«* CENTURY (Summary) The study surveys the changes in the agricultural activities of the peasants living in the Inner-Somogy area and the evolution of the ethnic groups from the times of the emancipation of serfs and the consolidation of land-strips till the first World War. The grazing grounds, meadows and forests of the villages and the utilization right of forests were severely curtailed during the consolidation of land-strips. However, agricultural work was still being intensified: the spread of reaper harvesting, ploughs of higher efficiency, share-hoes and drill-markers accelerated the accomplishment of work. The cultivation of corn along the river Drava gathered even more momentum than during the previous centuries — in some communities exclusively to the detriment of wheat and rye. In the wealthy, sandysoiled villages somewhat more to the north, the technical conditions of potatoe-cultivation for sale were created. The end of the 19

th century witnessed a crisis in viniculture. A change in animal husbandry was brought about by the substitution of specis. The pig-breed earlier typical of the region — the „siska" — practically disappears. The spread of horse-traction by the end of the century led to the import of heavier, more industrious cold-blooded draught-horses. The crossbreeding of the Hungarian grey cattle with the western — mainly Simmental — specis resulted in a red — drappled good milker. In the 1890s the first co-operative dairies were established in Csurgó and its neighbourhood.