William Penn Life, 1985 (20. évfolyam, 1-6. szám)
1985-01-01 / 1. szám
Raoul Wallenberg Continued from page 20 column 2 Their eventual release and return to Sweden was done in nerve wracking stages with numerous delays. A first hand account of Wallenberg’s activities is in Per Anger’s book, With Wallenberg in Budapest. Ambassador Anger’s first appearance in New Jersey was at Voorhees Chapel on the Douglass Campus of Rutgers University on October 5, 1982. He and Governor Kean spoke in tribute to Wallenberg on the first anniversary of the date President Reagan signed the Congressional Bill, which proclaimed Raoul Wallenberg an Honorary Citizen of the United States. Shortly after this appearance at Rutgers, Mr. Anger participated in the formal opening of the Raoul Wallenberg Exhibit in London. This exhibit will start its worldwide tour next year. The first stop will be at the New York Public Library on March 14, 1985. Anger’s subsequent travels on behalf of Wallenbergs have taken him to Australia, Israel and Italy. In Israel he spoke at the Knesset and planted a tree at Yad Vashem. Anger’s speech at a gathering of international engineers in Rome resulted in the Russian delegation walking out when he mentioned Wallenberg in the course of his presentation. Per Anger agreed to come out of retirement in Sweden at the request of the Raoul Wallenberg Commemorative Committee. This committee, formed in 1981 by the Scandinavian American Heritage “How many times do I have to tell you not to do that?” Chances are that when our mothers said this, we swore that we’d never do the same to our kids. But the fact is that most of us do say it from time to time, and by rights, our children should answer: “Hundreds of times! Because I’m only three (or four)!” It takes a lot of time and experimentation for a young child to become a competent member of the human community. All young children need some discipline as they push against the limits we set to see if we are firm and wise enough to make them stick. Part of the challenge of disciplining preschoolers is that it involves a lot of foot-Society, the Jewish Federation of Northern Middlesex County and the American Hungarian Foundation, seeks to honor and perpetuate Wallenberg’s mission through a continuing series of educational programs and materials on a local, state, national and international level. Other recipients of the Distinguished Service Award of the American Hungarian Foundation included Ilona Massey Dawson, Archbishop Philip M. Hannon of New Orleans, Frank K. Kelemen, chairman of the New Jersey State Investment Council, and Eva Marton of the Metropolitan Opera. The American Hungarian Foundation, founded in 1954, is a non-profit organization devoted to furthering the understanding and appreciation of Hungarian culture and historical heritage in the United States. In New Brunswick, N.J. the foundation is on the threshold to erect the National Hungarian Heritage Center with its museum, archives and library. A fund drive to raise $2,900,000 in capital and endowment funds is successfully underway. The offices of the American Hungarian Foundation are located at 177 Somerset Street, New Brunswick, NJ. George Barany University of Minnesota George Barany, an assistant professor of chemistry at the University of Minnesota, has been named one of the United States’ top 100 scientists under 40 by Science Digest magazine. The scientists, named in the_ Continued on page 22 work. Ideally, we would like them to comply to our verbal commands. But just because three- and four-year-olds are taking great strides in language competence does not mean that compliance with rules can yet be easily obtained by verbal command. The preschool years are a long period of transition from physical to verbal control of behavior, often still requiring much adult intervention — mostly by removing the child from the situation or putting a breakable object out of reach — to help him control his impulses. Spanking. Spanking does stop undesirable behavior — but only for the moment. It also creates new problems, which are not always immediately obvious. What may seem like a gentle tap on the bottom at age three or four has to be increased in severity as the child gets older. After all, a child does not comply as easily following the tenth gentle tap as she did after the first few times. These gradual increases in severity eventually reach a point where conscientious parents fear that they are too severe. But by then a pattern has been established and it becomes more difficult to develop alternative approaches. Yelling. A similar problem arises when parents resort to raising their voices to command obedience. A mild shout loses its power after awhile and a parent has to become increasingly loud and harsh in order to obtain compliance. Alternative approaches. Just because screaming and physical punishment are not recommended does not mean parents should allow a child to act out all of her impulses. All punishments involve issues of how to make them commensurate with the crime. One way parents can minimize the problem of choosing appropriate punishments is to keep the number of rules and limits to as few as possible. A half dozen is quite enough for a preschooler to deal with. Don’t hesitate to state your idea of good behavior clearly and simply. If, for example, you want your child to stay seated at the table until everyone is finished eating, then make your wish clear and stick with it, bringing your child back to his chair as often as is necessary to get your point across. Remember that it is never necessary to be mean; it is sometimes necessary to be stern and firm. Explanations. Frequent physical punishment also tends to encourage children to obey only when they believe they will be caught. But evidence shows that when parents help children to understand the reasons an action is prohibited or demanded and those reasons are backed up by withholding a favorite activity if necessary, children tend to incorporate the reasons within themselves as conscious or unconscious guiding principles. They become internally motivated to comply with adult requests. Then rather than seeking themselves as obedient only when punishment is likely, children begin Discipline For Preschoolers to define themselves as being cooperative on the basis of the reasons they have been internalizing. This process leads to the development of self-control of impulses. The reasons should not be elaborate. Occasionally, there are no obvious reasons for or against a specific behavior; it may simply be a matter of personal preference. In such cases, it is enough for you to indicate just that. Finally, almost all parents strike their children when they loose control. This is forgivable on occasion. But to strike children as a matter of policy is sadistic and unnecessary. Other approaches are available and effective. They take persistence but reap great benefits in the long run. (Reprinted from Parents Magazine December 1984 issue). Brief History of the Congregation of The Missionary Sisters of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus In 1908, inspired by the words of their founder, Father Hubert J. Linckens, MSC: “Forget what lies behind and look ahead!” eight Sisters bade farewell to their homeland in Germany to teach Christ’s love to the Slovak immigrants settling in the coal mining regions of eastern Pennsylvania. Arriving in Jim Thorpe only eight years after they were founded in Germany, the industrious and dedicated Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart began an American province. They came to work in schools in Slatington, Palmerton, and Lansford. Their path was not without crosses. These German Sisters came to the Slovak immigrants to teach their children in English. The obstacles that had to be overcome in language and culture were truly tremendous! At this time, also, poverty was their constant companion: in one parish, the Sisters could only cook their supper after Father’s meal was prepared, for each day they had to borrow the pots from the rectory. In anothér convent, efforts were made to obtain some heat by heating water on the stove and allow the vaporizing steam to bring some warmth. Stories like this could be multiplied over and over. Beginnings are always hard and the Sisters in the United States shared in the fruits of the labors of their fellow Sisters all over the world. In August of 1904, five Sisters were brutally martyred in Papua New Guinea. Their blood became the seed of the strong love and dedication that so characterized the members of the new congregation. Several years later, during the rise of the Nazi party, the Superior General in Germany was imprisoned for more than a year. Here in America, during World War I, the Sisters had to undergo the humiliation of being fingerprinted and censured. Later in the second World War, Sisters were imprisoned by the Japanese in the islands of the Pacific. Nevertheless, these hardships and many more served only to increase the faith and trust in the Lord necessary to go on with undaunted courage, and soon the congregation in America was experiencing phenomenal growth. Over the years, it grew to the extent of staffing fifty-two institutions in six states: New York, Ohio, Illinois, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Georgia. As demands for their services increased, so did the need for a central point of operations. The answer to Continued on page 22 column 2 21
