Szlávik Lajos (szerk.): Vízügyi Közlemények, Az 1970. évi Tisza-völgyi árvíz. Emlékkötet (Budapest, 2020)
Forrásmunkák - Summary
Összefoglaló - Summary 201 THE TISZA VALLEY FLOOD OF 1970 SUMMARY The flood of year 1970 was not only the largest flood in the Tisza-Valley but it loomed also from the row of flood protections countrywide. Its severity, its size and the flood protection force deployed against it dramatically exceeded the memorable great 1965 flood of the Danube and the extent of flood protection on the Danube as well. The lead-time of flood protection on the Tisza and even more on its tributaries was much shorter than on the Danube. In 1971 -72 the flood events, the happenings, the consequences, and the experiences were published in the special issues of two scientific journals, in the proceedings of a national conference, and in another special publication in 106 papers written by 97 authors. Unfortunately, these publications are hardly available. Following that in the coming half a century no overarching, summarizing analysis, review have been prepared about this epoch-making flood of the Tisza, which could introduce the lessons learned, the experiences in view of the floods of the last decades that could be appreciated and used even today. In view of this we consider this monograph a gap filling one and we would like to pass it in printed and electronic format to the present-day flood protection contributors. Between 1954 and 1975 Imre Dégen the legendary Hungarian leader of the water management service. He as a state commissionaire directed e.g. the 1956 icy flood on the Danube, 1965 Danube and the 1970 Tisza Valley flood protection. We cite his appraising words: fin the history of the national flood protection we have never had to fight against such a serious flood and use such a large human, material, machinery and mobilization resources than during the fight against the 1970 Tisza Valley flood." There was a simultaneous flood protection activity in the whole Tisza Valley. The length of the simultaneously protected stretch was 2800 km. As a comparison: in 1965 the protected length of the Danube was 1000 km, but the simultaneously protected stretch was 3-400 km as a maximum. Out of the 2800 km on 1400 km there were height and cross-sectional deficiencies. On 150 km length the height of the dykes had to be raised by temporary structures, on 110 km the dykes had to be strengthened and on 180 km localisation levees had to be constructed. First time in the history of the Hungarian flood protection flood retention was operationally used (on the Berettyó River) and this method has become the most important operational method for the last 50 years.
