Vízügyi Közlemények, 2004 (86. évfolyam)
3-4. füzet - Stelczer Károly: az 1954. évi dunai árvíz
Az 1954. évi dunai ár\'íz 369 VITUKI : Felső-Duna környezeti állapotértékelése. Kézirat. Témaszám: 733/1/2650 VITUKI. 1993. Völk J. : Az 1954. júliusi árvíz a Duna vízgyűjtőjének Bajorországi részén. Az 1954. évi dunai árvíznek szentelt szám. Vízügyi Közlemények 1-2. füzet. 1955. Zawadowszky A.: Magyarország vizeinek statisztikája. 1891. Zorkóczv Z.-Tóth S:. Magyarország árvízvédelmi rendszerének hosszú távú fejlesztési terve. Vízügyi Közlemények, LXVn. évfolyam, 4. tüzet 1985. * * * The Danube flood of 1954 By Dr. Károly STELCZER C.E. CSc. After the Second World War the flood of 1954 (Figure 1) was the first one, which possessed the following characteristics: - It was higher than any floods before; It was the first flood in which the united Water-Engineering Service (WES, founded in 1952) was responsible for the flood defence; During the flood the requirements of the Danube Commission, re-founded in 1948, was adhered to along the whole Danube and in accordance with the Hungarian-Czechoslovak "Water Treaty", which latter was signed in Prague in 1948. Having received the flood warning on the 9 t h of July the WES immediately started the preparatory activities for the flood defence: - A government committee for flood defence was founded in the National Water Authority (OVF), under the leadership of Director General Mr. Kálmán Rajczi. - The Council of the Ministers established, under the leadership of the Government Commissioner (for the flood defence), the National Flood Defence Committee and the Flood Defence Committees of the Counties; The National Water Authority (OVF) made a decision to send deputy government commissioners to the Győr (Mr. Sándor Horváth) and Baja field organisations of the flood defence. (On this latter site Mr. István Bartos was the deputy commissioner, while Mr. Dénes Ihrig was the technical expert); The director of the Water Directorate of Győr ordered the flood preparedness for the rightbank side of the Danube (Table 1) and mobilized the entire staff of the directorate to support the flood defence activities; The precipitation that caused the flood had some special features: In the last days of June (2730) there was a smaller "preparatory" precipitation on the catchment basin corresponding to the Pozsony/Bratislava station of the Danube (Figure 2). This was followed in 1-2 July by very heavy rainstorms (Figure 3). The largest ice-free floods of the Danube are shown in Table II. The peaking water stages of the flood of 1954 are shown in Table III , comparing them to the so far observed highest water stages. On the basis of Table 111 it can be unambiguously stated that the passage of the flood of 1954 was similar to that of September 1899, although evidently all floods are somewhat different from each other. The similarities are as follows: Both floods were caused by rainfall onto the catchment basin of the River Inn; Both flood peaked at Schärding (downstream of the confluence of the rivers Inn and Salzach) with the same water level (Figure 4). - The flood volumes were the same, - Before the flood of 1954 the ever observed highest flood was the flood of 1899 for most of the gauges of the Danube upstream of Komárom.
