Vízügyi Közlemények, 2003 (85. évfolyam)

1. füzet - Rövidebb tanulmányok, közlemények, beszámolók

144 Horváth L.-né-Wisnovszky I. Utilisation of rainfall onto roofs in settlements by Lászlóné HORVÁTH and Iván WISNOVSZKYcivil engineers In Hungary the storage and utilisation of precipitation water, using cisterns, has a long tradition. Nevertheless no modem facilities and fittings are available for utilising precipitation water in the households. The upgrading of this situation is very timely now. This paper was made on the basis of the respective German literature, making also use of personal acquaintances. In Hungary the utilisation of "roof-water" became justifiable with the completion of piped water supply over the country and with the substantial rise of the price of water utilities. Figure 1 illustrates well that the decreasing tendencies of the per capita water consumption in Hungary and in Germany are nearly parallel to each other. This Figure also shows the distribution of the consumption of water among the various target uses. These components indicate that filtered rainwater could satisfy a substantial part, 40-60%, of the total demand. The modern facilities and fittings of utilising rainwater in the households arc described in the light of the offer of these products by the German market. The modem cisterns are usually prefabricated reinforced concrete tanks made for single or multiple households (Figure 2.). The excess, overflowing water can be discharged into open trenches or infiltrated into the ground. In some cases the excess water is pumped into the stormwater drainage system (Figure J.). The households are either supplied by filtered rainwater (Figure 4.) directly from the common cistern of the community or from cistern of their own (made either of plastic or of steel). The details of the facilities and fittings of a rainwater supply system are shown in Figure 5. In the last chapter the authors show the design steps of an up to date roof-water storage facility, suitable for Hungarian conditions. The model-rainfall graph, which was made on the basis of the German radar rainfall-detection data, could also be used for this design. The authors point out the special features of the contamination of the collected roof-water. It is also pointed out that roof-water utilisation varies with the individual approaches and attitudes of the families, also in Germany. In Europe the filtered precipitation water is generally not used for drinking or bathing, e.g. for direct human uses. The modem household drinking water supply system can always counteract the shortage of the roof-water collection system. * * * Nutzung des auf die Hausdächer gefallenen Niederschlags in den Siedlungen von Dipl.-Ing. Frau László HORVÁTH und Dr.-Ing. Iván WISNOVSZKY Ungarn verfugt über bedeutende Traditionen auf dem Gebiet der Speicherung von Niederschlagswasser in Zisternen und seiner Nutzung. Eine zeitgemäße Geräteversorgung dieser Tätigkeit steht jedoch noch aus und ist nun auch in Ungarn aktuell geworden. Die vorliegende Studie wurde aufgrund deutscher Fachliteratur, unter direktem Kontakt mit deren Verfasser, zusammengestellt. In Ungarn gelangte die Nutzung des „Dachwassers" infolge der nun schon vollständigen Wasserversorgung und ihrer bedeutenden Verteuerung zur Tagesordnung. Bild I veranschau-