Vízügyi Közlemények, 1993 (75. évfolyam)

3. füzet - Jolánkai Géza-Bíró István-Szász Rita: A Rajna-vízgyűjtő pontszerű és nem pontszerű szennyezésének vizsgálata

A Rajna-vízgylíjtő pontszer!) és nem pontszerű szennyezésének modellezése 261 Jolánkai G., Almássy A., Bíró /.: SENSMOD 2; A Regional Non-point Source Model System. Paper presented at the 9th int. Symp. of the North American Lake Management Society, Nov11-16, 1989, Austin, Texas, USA. 1989. Jolánkai G., Almássy A., Bíró I.: A Water Management and Water Pollution Control Decision Support System; the Zagyva River Basin Case Study (in Hungarian). Water Resources Research Centre, VITUKI Res. Rep. No: 7611/1/1709. 1991. Jolánkai G.-Bíró /.: SENSMOD - A decision support tool for complcx drainage basins. Proc. Int. Conf. „HYDROCOMP 92", Budapest, Hungary, 25-29 May, 1992. Maller, K. G.-Miiller, G.: Metallgehalt und Schwebstoffgehalt im Rhein. Z. Wasser und Abwasser Forschung 15. 1982. Neumann, H.: Notwendigkeit der Nährstoffelimination aus der Sicht des Gewässerschutzes. In: Biologische Stickstoff- und Phosphorelimination in Abwassereiningungsanlagen, Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Stadlbauwesen, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Heft 42. 1987. Salomons, W.-Förstner, &.: Metals in the Hydrolcycle. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidlebcrg, 1984. Van Deursen, W. Kwadijk, J.: Using the watershed tools for modeling the Rhine catchment. Proceedings of the First European Conference on GIS. 1990. * * * Modelling the diffuse and point source loads of selected pollutants in the Rhine River Basin by Dr. Géza JOLÁNKAI, István BÍRÓ, and Rita SZÁSZ, Civil Enginers The study was earned out between 1990 and 1992 in the framework of a contract with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria), as part of a larger contracted study between IIASA and the National Institute for Public Health and Environmental Hygiene (RIVM) of the Netherlands. The objective of the study was the quantitative identification of the contribution of point and diffuse sources of selected chemicals to the instream pollution loads of the River Rhine. The study was implemented by making use of VITUKI's drainage basin model SENSMOD. For this purpose model SENSMOD had been adapted to a geographical information system (GIS) of the Rhine Basin, developed by researchers of the University of Utrecht, the Netherlands. The components analyzed were; cadmium, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and BOD. History of pollution, in terms of heavy metals and plant nutrients is shown in Figures 1-3. Point sources of the chemicals were considered by the annual emission loads of various communal and industrial discharges, as determined for the study by the conctracting partner IIASA. Diffuse source loading was determined by model SHNSMOD (Figures 4 and

5), making use of landapplication data (fertilizer, manure, sewage sludge), the output of a model study on atmospheric depositions (as of IIASA), land use and topographic data, as well of the detailed hydrological data base of the German part of the Rhine Basin. SIsNSMOD was calibrated against the data of years where the data base was the most complete one. Calibration with SHNSMOD means that the model calculated hydrological stream profiles and water quality profiles are fitted to the measured ones within a previously defined accuracy limit by a self-adjusting algorithm, that sets the model parameter values. Next the calibrated model has been used for simulating the conditions of previous and/or subsequent years, thus providing verification of the model. The model-segmentation of the river system is determined by the number of river gauging and water quality monitoring stations to which data arc available, as well as by the number of waste water discharges and river confluences to be considered in the analysis. Depending on the parameter investigated the number of river sections modelled varied between 100 and 120. To the authors knowledge this was the most detailed model study of this kind of the River Rhine (Figure