Vízügyi Közlemények, 1992 (74. évfolyam)

3. füzet - Führer Ernő: Intercepció meghatározása bükk, kocsánytalan tölgy és lucfenyő erdőben

294 Führer Ernő üelfs, I.: Die Niederschlagzurückhaltung im Walde (Interception). Mitteilungen des Arbeitskreises „Wald und Wasser", Nr. 2. Koblenz, 1955. ICID (International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage) Magyar Nemzetközi Bizottsága: Öntözési és Vízrendezési Értelmező Szótár. (Szerk.: Dr. Bogárdi J. és Dr. Petrasovits I.), Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1980. M4iy(Normennausschuss Wasserwesen) im DIN Deutsches Institut für Normen: DIN 4049 Teil, 1. Hidrologie, Begriffe, quantitativ. Deuth Verlag GmbH. Berlin, Küln. 1979. Páv, B.-Bele, /.: Mereni podkorunovych srazekv lesnich prosctech. Lesnictrim Prha, 26, 2,1980. Weiche, I: Bennetzung von Interception von Buchen- und Fichtenbestanden in Nordhein-Westfalen. Allgemeine Forst und Jagdzeitung, 145 Jg. H. 1, H. 2, 1974. Determination of interception in beech-, oak- and spruce forest by Dr. Ernő FÜHRER, forest engineer The distribution of precipitation water and its utilization have been measured by the author during a three year period (1988-90) in beech, oak and spruce forests, of considerable importance from the view point of forestry, of the Soproni Mountain. Open-air precipitation throughfall (Pai) and stemflow (fat) have been measured along with infiltration water (/) passing through the forest litter and the humus. Tables II., Ill, and IV. present the results for beech, oak, and spruce forests, respectively. Summarizing the measurement results (Table V.) the author states; - The total precipitation reaching the forest floor (P

to

t), defined as the sum of throughfall and stemflow, is the highest in beech forests (84% of P), followed by oak forests (77%) and spruce forests (64%). Consequently interception (E

s

u

) was the highest in spruce forest (36%) and the smallest in beech forests (16%). - In decoduous beech and oak forests throughfall and stemflow, expressed as percentage of open-air precipitation, is the highest in winter, while in spruce forests (P

alo

l

) is highest in summer. - Stemflow (P

a

l) is significant (15%) in beech forests, medium in oak forests (4%), and negligible in spruce forests (1%). - The highest evaporation from forest-litter and/or the humus floor (E

s) was measured in oak forests, along with the highest values of surface runoff (R). These two together amounted to 33%, as compared to 30% in beech and 22% in spruce, expressed as percentage of open-air precipitation.The author claims that this relates to the quantity of the forestlitter. This latter is the highest in oak forest (0.44 kg m"

2), followed by beech (0.36 kg rrf

2) and spruce (0.35 kg m"

2). - In terms of annual average infiltration water (I) is by 106 mm higher in beech forests than in spruce forests, while oak forests stay in between. * * +