Vízügyi Közlemények, 1991 (73. évfolyam)

3-4. füzet - Szesztay Károly: Az éghajlatváltozás vízgazdálkodási és hidrológiai vonatkozásai

Az éghajlatváltozás vízgazdálkodási és hidrológiai vonatkozásai 277 Refsgaard J.C.-W.M. AUeg-V.S. Vuglinsky: Methodology for distinguishing between man's influence and climate effects on the hydrological cycle. UNESCO, Technical Documents in Hydrology, 1989. Somtyódy L.: A Balaton eutrofizálódása. Egy rendszer szemléletű kutatás eredményei. VITUKI Közlemények, 38. kötet, Budapest 1983. Starasolszky Ô.: Éghajlat változás és vízgazdálkodás. Az MTA Föld Tudományok Osztálya Hidrológiai Bizottságának 1989 november 28-i ülésén tartott beszámoló anyagai 1989. Stigtiani, W.M.: Changes in valued capacities of soils and sediments as indicators of nonlinear and time-delayed environmental effects. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 10. 1988. Stigliani, W.M.-P. Doelman,-W. Safomons-R Schulin-G.RB. Smidt and S.Van der Zee: Chemical time bombs: Definition, concepts and examples. International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis, IIASA 1990 Szalóky S.: A talajvízszint, az evapotranszspiráció és az öntözés néhány kérdése. Kandidátusi értekezés (kézirat), Szarvas, MTA Könyvtár Kézirattára, Budapest 1971. Szesztay K: Adatok a Kárpát-medence víz- és hóháztartásáról. A II. Kárpátmeteorológiai Konferencia iratai. Országos Meteorológiai Intézet, Budapest 1963. Szesztay K: A vízgazdálkodás vízháztartási adottságai Magyarországon, Vízügyi Közlemények, 1980. évi 3. füzet Szesztay K: Policies for improving water awareness in industrialized societies. Summaries of the International Workshop on „Water Awareness", Skokloster, Sweden, 27 June 1988. Szesztay K: The global water cycle and the greenhouse effect: Outlines and implications of a macroscale water vapor dynamics. Draft report to the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Budapest, September 1990. TAKJ (MTA Talajtani és Agrokémiai Kutató Intézet): International Workshop on Long-term Environmental Risks for Soils. Sediment and Groundwater in the Danube Basin. Budapest, December 13-15, 1990. United Nations: The demands for water. Natural Resources, Water Series No. 3, Sales No.: E.76.II.A.1. New York, 1976. Várallyay Cry.: A talaj vízgazdálkodása. Doktori értekezés (kézirat), MTA Könyvtár Kézirattára, Budapest 1987 WMO-ICSU: Scientific plan for the global energy and water cycle experiment Draft, Geneva, April 1990. *** Hydrological and water management implication of climate changes by Dr. Károly SZESZTAY

, C.E. From the view point of water management climate change is one of the factors of uncertainty. This effects can be taken into consideration by conditional forecasts and alternative future images (scenarios). The theoretical and methodological basis of long term planning in water manegement, with similar analytical concept and with the consideration of the socially valued properties of water, had been elaborated in the Third National Water Management Master Plan (Figure 1). The author considers the relationship between climate and water from the view points of landscape ecology and land use (Figure 2). The ecologically optimum relationships of the water balance are pointed out in Figures 3-7, considering the specific properties of plant growth as limited by the availability of water, as well (Figures 8-10). The atmospheric part of the hydrological cycle plays, in itself, and important role in the processes of climate changes (Figures 11-13). Since the troposphere can be considered a closed vapour tank in analysing the water cycle, the temperature and vapour pressure gradients of the troposphere and the ground level (Figure 14) allows the approximate reconstruction of the internal relationships of the three gradients (Figures 15 and 16) as well as the assessement of the equilibrium relative moisture content that corresponds to the given average global groundlevel temperature (Fig. 17). The changes of the climate and the hydrological cycle have important role in forming the chemical balance of the biosphere, that is the whole of the natural environment (Figure 18). Gaining more accurate knowledge in these processes is a prerequisite of preventing and/or decreasing the damages of groundlevel acidification, that had formerly striken Scandinavia and has become observeable also in Middle Europe already (Figure 19). ***