Vízügyi Közlemények, 1988 (70. évfolyam)
2. füzet - Forest, F.-Reyniers, F. N.: A hegyvidéki rizstermesztés agroklimatikai körülményeinek osztályozása
A hegyvidéki rizstermesztés agroklimatikai körülményeinek osztályozása 193 - метод довольно простой и дает возможность учитывать помимо характеристик окружающего биотопа (энергетический потенциал, дефицит влажности) и основные характеристики растениеводства, как длину вегетационного периода риса, время посева и полезные запасы воды в корневой зоне. • * * Agroclimatic classification on rice-crop production in mountainous areas by F. FOREST, agrophysiologist and F. N. REYNIERS, agroclimatologist In order to increase the yield of rice-crop production in mountainous areas, interconnection has been established between yield and regional climatic characteristics. First, the water balance model labeled BIP4 had been developed, and afterwards the so-called standard indices (characteristic quantities) influencing best the yield of rice production were determined. Agroclimatic conditions were described by three main parameters (standard indices): -in the period of plant development (/= 100,135, or 150 days) the maximum value of évapotranspiration (ET xmi %) and its average value (Table III) were regarded as characteristic for the energy-potential of the environment, and for the determination of the possibilities of plant-development of the profit-crop in question; - the ratio of évapotranspiration (£T t) during the period of crop-development and of its maximum value (ET tm aJ was found as a good index of the degree of water demand satisfaction which could well determine the expected yield (Table III) ; - the ratio of amount of water (R c) drained from the vicinity of the roots in the period of 1 to 50 days after sowing, and of the usable water reserves of the roots (U H) was characteristic as far as the level of drainage and the determination of the rate of productivity were concerned. Knowledge of these characteristic quantities may help the agronomist to calculate the values of expected yield (7" H V) by aid of relationship (9) as it is presented in Table IV. According to the authors, the presented method will have two important advantages: - the recommended characteristic quantities (standard indices) are better to explain the fluctuations in yield than earlier used indicators; - the presented method is suitable to take into account - in a simple and reliable manner not only the characteristics of the environment, like energy-potential and water surplus or deficit, but also the main parameters of rice-production, like the length of the period (cycle) of development, time-point of sowing and the usable water reserves of the roots. Le classement agroclimatique des conditions rizicultures en montagnes par FOREST, F. agrophysicien - REYNIERS, F. N. agroclimatologue Pour l'accroissement du rendement de la récolte du riz en montagne, les auteurs ont recherché les rapports entre la récolte et les caractéristiques climatiques régionales. En premier pas, ils ont établi quatre modèles du bilan (BIP), et en deuxième pas ils ont choisi les caractéristiques dominantes qui influencent pondéralement le rendement de la récolte du riz. Ces caractéristiques sont considérées comme l'indices standardisés (standard index). Les conditions agroclimatiques sont caractérisées par les trois indices généraux: - la valeur maximale de l'évapotranspiration de la période de végétation (£T ma x), (la durée d'un cycle varie: t = 100, 135 et 150 jours), ainsi que la valeur moyenne journalière de l'évapotranspi-
