Vízügyi Közlemények, 1987 (69. évfolyam)
4. füzet - Domokos Miklós: Az "Ausztria vízháztartása" című project
Az „Ausztria vízháztartása" című project 591 Описываются методические решения создания банка данных водного баланса, в том числе модель классификации землепользования, а также сеточная модель рельефа с длиной одного элемента 500 м (т. е. 600 ООО узлов), которая использует данные изогипс карты Австрии в масштабе 1 : I 500 000 в цифровой форме и данные 50 000 геодезических пунктов Австрии. Представлены программы построения карт продолжительности солнечного сияния, суммарного излучения и осадков (рис. 5, 6. и 7). Банк данных водного баланса включает в себя программу, с помощью которой можно анализировать множественную линейную регрессию между любым выбранными I р > IMII территориальных или наблюденных данных. Цель продолжения работ по проекту заключается в актуализации Архива водного баланса и наряду с этим постоянное оперативное наблюдение за водным балансом, а с другой стороны, воспользуясь возможностями большого объема хранящейся информации, проведение комплексных исследований (например, исследование тренда) в целях крупномасштабных водохозяйственных мероприятий. По последнему типу исследований приводятся примеры в разделе 3.1 статьи, где подчеркиваются водохозяйственные последствия регионального и временного колебания элементов водного баланса (рис. 8). * * * The project entitled "The waterhouschold of Austria" by Dr. M. DOMOKOS. С. E. Dipl. Math. First the basic objectives and the results arrived at till 1986 were analyzed by the Author. The project itself was initiated in 1980 by the Austrian Academy of Sciences and has been supported by the same body ever since. Execution of the project was given to the Institute of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Hydrotechnics at the Technical University of Vienna with collaboration of the Central Hydrographical Office and other institutions. The main goal of the project was to organize a data-bank on a computer containing the basic data of the waterhousehold of Austria. By use of this bank different, up-to-date calculations concerning the waterhousehold of the country, or of a certain part of it were conceived to be executed with proper speed, reliability and accuracy. The areal units of the system consisted of the 271 catchments of the country and of the 60 residual areas (along the borders) as seen in Fig. I. The time-unit was 1 month. As a first step, data between 1951 and 1980 were stored and later this kernel was continously enlarged. By use of the precipitation data in storage some trend-investigations were already performed (Figs. 2 and 3.). In the data-base called "water balance data-bank" areal information about the aforementioned 271 units are stored (the geodetic coordinates of the polygons delineating the orographically influenced area, codes of water gauging stations measuring inflow and outflow, land use conditions, topography, orientation, etc. Fig. 4.). On the other hand, the observed or estimated monthly values of the different elements of the waterhousehold (precipitation, runoff, water content of snow, evaporation) are also available in these files. Followingly, the methodological solutions used to organize this data-bank are discussed, among them a land-use ranking model, and a grid-model with a grid-distance of 500 m (altogether about 60,000 points) being developed by the digitized contour-lines of a map of Austria in a scale of 1:500 000 drawn by the help of 50,000 geodetical surveying base-points. Also, the computer programs for a computerized mapping of sunshine duration and global radiation data, and of precipitation data are discussed (Figs. 5 to 7). Another computer program was attached to the water balance data-bank by which the mutual relationships between areal and observed data stored in the bank, or among their selected groups can be investigated by aid of multivariate linear regression. The goal of the continued efforts - in relation to this project - was the following: day by day caretaking of the water balance data-bank, a continuous, operational tracking of the changes to be introduced, complex (e.g. trend) investigations necessary for regional water management and
