Vízügyi Közlemények, 1982 (64. évfolyam)

3. füzet - Botond György, Dobolyi Elemér, Gelencsér Péter, Györké Olivér, Jolánkai Géza, Szabó Sándor és Tóth László: A BALATON VÍZMINŐSÉG-SZABÁLYOZÁSA

A Balaton vízkészlet-szabályozása 397 ectly through the reed stands, or fish ponds along the Southern shore. A problem of comparable importance was to devise means by which these amounts can be reduced effectively. The capacities and loading rates of the sewage treatment plants along the shores of Lake Balaton are shown in Table VII. while the nutrient- and pollution loads entering the lake are summarized in Table VIII. The most significant conclusion of these investigation is that the load during the summer high season surpasses in general the figures in the winter season, but also those corresponding to the target conditions envisaged. 2.22. Estimation of the diffuse pollution by Dr. G. JOLÁNKAI An important part of the plant nutrient load is transported to the lake from the catchment by the streams and as direct inflow (non-point sources, diffuse pollution). As a result of regular quality analyses at the mouth of the 20 streams discharging into the lake, it has become possible by now to summarize year by year the amounts of nutrients entering the lake ( Table IX ). For reducing the nutrient load studies have been started in two representative experimental areas (1981) on the effects of flood waves ( Fig. 17). The identification of the pollution entering Lake Balaton by sources presents a complex and difficult problem. The scientists have estimated thus far the nutrient load relying partly on data published in the professional literature, and partly on the results of observations and analyses which conditions permitted to perform ( Fig. 18). 2.3. Modelling the nutrient budget by Dr. P. GELENCSÉR The fundamental objective in modelling the ecological system of Lake Balaton is to conceive a model, which is capable of predicting the impacts on water quality of the potential decision alternatives, and makes a combined appraisal thereof possible from economic and efficiency viewpoints alike, to assist thereby in the preparation of pollution control decisions. The research project is coordinated by the Hungarian National Committee of Systems Analysis. The foreign partner is the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria, while the Hungarian partners are the Research Institute for Computer Technology and Automation. Budapest, and the Biological Research Institute, Tihany, both of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Research Centre for Water Resources Development VITUKI. The overall hierarchy of the model is shown in Fig. 19. The three submodels are connected by two models (the hydrodynamic transport model and the three-dimensional biochemical model), and all these are comprised as the final objective into an integrated system by the eutrophication model, which describes the quality of lake water in space and time. 3. The measures aimed at improving the quality of lake water 3.1. Controlling the load due to the sewage treatment plants by Gy. BOTOND Overload operating conditions at the sewage treatment plants may result in discharges or pollutant concentrations (mainly organic substances), which surpass considerably the design values, but as a rule these two occur in combination. The remedial measures suggested have been grouped according to the foregoing and presented in Table X. Treatment processes involving the use of powdered activated carbon should receive special