Vízügyi Közlemények, Kivonatok, 1965
Dégen Imre: Az 1965. évi dunai árvíz és árvízvédelmünk fejlődése
(39) 3. CONTROL OPERATIONS AGAINST TIIE 1965 FLOOD OVER THE HUNGARIAN REACH OF THE DANUBE The Hungarian reach of the Danube was affected by the 1965 flood over its entire length of 417 km, between river stations 1850 and j433 km. From the total length the upper 142 kilometres form the boundary line between Czechoslovakia and Hungary, and so it is only the right-hand side of the stream over this reach for the defence of which Hungary is responsible. Over the remaining" length of 275 km both sides belong to the Hungarian flood control system. The aggregate length of levees along the Hungarian reach of the Danube is 610 km. while along the tributaries it is 485 km. The total area protected bv these levees attains 505.400 hectares. Under the centralized guidance and supervision of the National Water Authority defense against the Danube flood was conducted by six District Water Authorities. Flood control operations during the 1965 Danube flood in Hungary will therefore be described accordingly -- after a general survey — by adhereing to the grouping of control sections resulting therefrom: 1) North-Transdanuvia , 2) Central Danube-Valley, 3) Central-Transdanuvia, 4) Lower Danube-Valley, 5) South-Trandanuvia. Flood control along the right-hand tributaries of the Danube in Hungary will be described as flood control operations of the 6) West-Transdanuvian District Water Authority. 3.1 NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF FLOOD CONTROL AND FLOOD CONTROL OPERATIONS By B. Sipos, Civ. Eng. (For the Hungarian text see pp. 145) The development of the flood control organization in Hungary is described in Chaper 1. In the history cf development three periods can be distinguished, namely 1.) from 1846 to 1875, 2.) from 1875 to 1945 and 3.) from 1945 to present days. In the first two periods 3850 kilometres of levee were built for which 195 million cu.m earth were moved over the entire territory of Hungary. In the third period additional 15 million cu.m of earth were built into the levee system at a cost of about 8 thousand million Forints. The levee system offered protection against flood inundation to 2.3 million hectares of low flood plains. Of this area a total of 3 .6 million hectares were inundated by 70 floods in the first two periods. Flood control of protected areas before 1948 was the responsibility of independent reclamation associations, but the extension of state authority to flood control systems became increasingly necessary m view of the development of national economy. This was realized in 1948r The organization of flood control during the 1965 Danube flood is described in Chapter 2. The foundations of the Hungarian flood control
