Vízügyi Közlemények, 1956 (38. évfolyam)

2. füzet - VII. Kisebb közlemények

(63) important water problems were put on the agenda of the Academy. The support by the Academy became formal later, but reorganized after the War, the Academy has been very active in securing a solid basis for hyrologic research. The Academy suggested in 1952 the establishment of the Research Institute for Water Resources ; activities of its Chief Commission for Hydrology, congresses organized annually to deal with water problems, are aiming at tuning together engineering research with production and the nation's economy. The implementation of intricate water schemes affecting several fields of economic life is thus made possible on lime schedules. K. Rajczi, Head of the National Water Board, pointed out that hydrographie service, besides investigating the general laws of the regimen of waters, has to survey the hydrographie conditions of this country and be in close touch with practical schemes of the industry, of power economy, agriculture and water transportation. After the opening addresses, delegates of foreign countries greeted the congress. Thereupon D. Ilirig, Director of the Research Institute for Water Resources, reviewed the 70 years of Hungarian Hydrographie Service and research. He pointed out that after World War II., the introduction of planned economy had imparted a powerful swing to hydrographie research. The first step in development was marked by the buildup and extension of the network of gauging stations, increase and extension of the measurements of discharges and of transported load, the summation and publication of basic data for practical schemes. After this festive review E. Serf, Chief of Section of the National Water Board examined hydrographie work from the point of view of water economy. J

. Sebestyén, First Deputy of the Minister for Chemical Industry and Power, viewed it from the standpoint of industry and power, Dr. D. Penyigei, First Deputy of the Minister for Agriculture, from that of farming. Since for the determination of Lhe laws of hydrological events long-term observations, extending over years are necessary, research has to be programmed from a far-flung perspective. The Research institute for Water Resources has already made a survey оГ our water resources. This has to be completed with the survey of facilities of storage and detailed data on water quality. Research on river sediment has to be continued for requisites of planning, and forecasts concerning surface and groundwaters have to be developed. Industry calls for assistance in planning and location of new works and in the operation of existing ones. The flow regimen and transported load of rivers, the quality of water have to be known ; very important is research on protection against pollution. Very soon protection against radioactive contamination will become timely. Valorization of hydraulic power resources assigns a number of tasks, determination of the rise of the groundwater table due to river backup, and especially river stage forecasting. Agriculture calls for increased protection against floods and surface waters, the proper solution of which is to lie based on hydrographie research. Irrigation is the main concern of farming. The Szarvas Institute for Research on Irrigation and Rice Farming is helpful in the production field with advice based on research into quantity and quality problems of irrigation water and changes of tile groundwater table caused by irrigation. Especially in tile Tisza river system protection against pollution is of great importance, because the Tisza River is the main basis of irrigation. Papers read at the opening session showd how hydrographie research is to be appreciated under Hungarian conditions. The main point is to coordinate the problems set, scientific research, with water economy policies and demands of agriculture, of industry and, in general, with the economy of the nation. II. Hydrographie Problems of Navigation and of Hiver Control On the agenda of the second session of the Congress was put the problem of navigation and of channel rectification. The first paper read by ./. Bogárdi : Investigations on Stable Channel and on Sediment Movement,

1 after a short review of the history of measurements of suspended matter in Hungary, and the explanation of the relation between channel stability and load movement, presented details of research on the coefficient of channel stability. New relations were established on the basis of measurements executed at 7 Danube key stations between the coefficient of channel stability and depth, further between the variations of bottom level and the sediment transportation. The second paper entitled : 1 To be published in full in English in the 1956 issue of the Acta Technica of the Hungarian Academy of Sc.