Vízügyi Közlemények, 1937 (19. évfolyam)

3-4. szám - Szakirodalom

17 Irrigation and Waterways. As regards the results of agricultural production, our country lays behind the western European countries. The stimulation of our export brings about a rise of prices in the home markets, and therefore the amount of products should be augmented. This could be attained by instituting irrigations and improving our communication system for the object of a better disposal of the increased products. In connection with irrigations new settlemments could be established, and the problem of the unemployed labourers could also be solved. The author shows by numerous examples the advantages of waterways for the better disposal of agricultural products. The development and improvement of highways are in close connection with the system of waterways. In this field the concrete roads are of special importance, because they are built of home-produced materials. The road-problem of Budapest (the establishment of thoroughfares) is also to be solved. The general plan of highways throughout the country should be determined (international roads, tourist roads, inland communication roads). The 921 communes which are not yet provided with macadamised roads should be brought into the system of highways ; this is of first-rate importance for the better disposal of agricultural products. The connection of wharfs with highways is likewise important. The system of railways is to be improved (motorcars, fast and cheap conveyance). The railway-problems of Budapest (stations for passengers and goods) also call for solution. The transfer of goods from railway to ship is exceedingly important for the better disposal of agricultural products. The article describes the French and German attempts to abolish harmful competition and create a rational cooperation between the different means of communication. Then the author cites data of the distribution of traffic in Hungary according to the means of communication. It is desirable to establish a proper cooperation of the existing means of communication by creating close connections and possibilities of transfer between them. For the purpose of their best employment for the public service, the State and the parties interested should call into being an organisation which would distribute the freight goods according to their nature and destination by considering the character of the means of conveyance. This organisation would also determine suitable tariffs serving to promote cooperation. In this way every means of conveyance could be made to transport those goods which would bring it the greatest profit, and every transporting company would be enabled to serve the public and private economy of the country in the best possible manner. III. SOIL PROBLEMS IN EGYPTIAN IRRIGATION. By Dr. L. G. KOTZMANN. (Pages : 37—66.) With the basin system of irrigation practised in Egypt from the time of thé Pharaos, salt accumulation in the upper layers of the soil was prevented by the