Vízügyi Közlemények, 1936 (18. évfolyam)
Kivonatok, mellékletek - Kivonat a 4. számhoz
17 between the Danube and the Tisza, these soils having a pH value over 9 and a sodium carbonate content of or even more than 0.1 to 0.3 per cent. The other is the Beckmannia eruciformis (I. 4), which is a tall grass of high food content (5.33 raw protein and 29% starch value), and has been grown with good success in the heavy clayey alkali soils of the district beyond the Tisza (in degraded alkali soils). Among the low pasture grasses the Festuca pseudovina (T. 6) covers large areas in the Hungarian alkali prairies. Its ability of enduring salt varies within wide limits, though it is not a true halophyta, but rather a xerophyta. ft endures dryness very well. Among the wild halophytae growing on the alkali lands the most important are : I. in damp places the Glyceria fluitens (V. 81), Alopecurus geniculatus (V. 82) from the family of Gremineae ; the Schoenoplectus lacustris (V. 94), Schoenoplectus Tabernaemontani (V. 95), Heleocharis palustris (V. 96), Carex distans (V. 97) and Carex secalina (V. 98) from the family of Cyperaceae ; then the Juncus subnodulosus (V. 99) and Juncus compressus (V. 100) ; 2. in fresh sites of clayey pastures of the district beyond the Tisza the Alopecurus pratensis (V. 83), a mezophyta ; on the sandy, mild alkali lands of the district between the Danube and the Tisza the Agrostis alba (V. 92) and the Agropyron repens (V. 91) ; and in mild alkali soils the Lolium perenne (V. 84) ; 3. on dry prairies and. pastures the Festuca pseudovina (I. 6), l'oa bulbosa (V. 86), Cynodon dactylon (V. 88), Andropogon Ischaemum (V. 85), Koeleria gracilis (V. 90), all these being xerophyta grasses; then the Eryngium campestre (VI 1. 124), Plantago lanceolata (VII. 130), Inula britannica (VII. 133), Achillea collina (VII. 135), Achillea setacea (VII. 134), Artemisia pontica (VII. 136), Bassia sedoides (VI. 107), Ononis spinosa (VI. 120), and several other plants enumerated in the Hungarian text and depicted in the tables annexed ; 4. in places of barren character many ruderal plants, such as the Bromus mollis (V. 93), Eragrostis pilosa (V. 89), Polygonum aviculare (VI. 102), Atriplex tataricum (VI. 105), Atriplex roseum (VI. 106), ( henopodium glaucum (VI. 104), Lepidium ruderale (VI. 115), Lepidium perforatum (VI. 114), Erudium cicutarium (VII. 123), Verbena officinalis (VII. 126), finally a valuable medicinal herb of the alkali lands, the true camomile (Matricaria L hamomilla, VII. 137). In a separate table different valuable sorts of clovers and papilionaceous plants are grouped ; their high albuminous content secures a good quality to hay produced on alkali lands. The only trouble is that most of these plants cannot endure the winter frost, and therefore must be sown in every spring. To this group belong: the wild Trifolium angulatum (III. 51), Trifolium parviflorum (III. 53), Trifolium striatum (III. 46), Trifolium fragiferum (III. 49), Trifolium micranthum (III. 47), Trifolium levigatum (III. 50), Lotus tenuifolius (III. 63), Lotus siliquosus (III. 62), Trigonella Besseriana (III. 56), all these being pseudohalophytae. Among the cultivated sorts of clovers the Trifolium repens (III. 54), Medicago Lupulina (III. 57), and the common lucerne grow well in mild alkali soils. There are no sorts of trees and shrubs which, like halophyta plants, might be used to afforest alkali lands of high salt content, and the afforestation of such lands is therefore a very difficult problem of forestry. Some sorts of the imported tamarisk, above all the Tamarix tetranda, can relatively best endure alkali soil, especially in damp places. But all the sorts 2
