Károlyi Zsigmond: A vízhasznosítás, vízépítés és vízgazdálkodás története Magyarországon (Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest, 1960)
Idegen nyelvű összefoglalók
tions, to reduce the pressing interior forces of society rather by encouraging and supporting emigration. The most excellent representatives of the Hungarian hydraulic engineering body raised a word against this anti-national policy. (Ödön Bogdánfy, Károly Herrich and others). Similar to our backwardness in developing the waterways, very little had been done in the utilization of the hydraulic forces of the country, though the Hungarian engineers had made some very good pioneer achievements in the technical realization. In the field of fishing and lake-farming — especially if seeing their economic role — the second part of the 19th century brought great fallback. Our water supply was in the same way a long way back. The catastrophe of World War I. destroyed the productive forces and this, and the peace treaty concluding the war increased the difficulties in solving the problems, though the role and tasks of water economics and their proportional weight in the economic life of the country were increased. Insufficient economic power, together with the narrowmindedness of the economically impotent leading classes — who were thus representing only their narrow class-interests, — made all work, by the Hungarian hydraulic engineers, Elemér Sajó and his collaborators for the establishment of a planned and up-to-date water economy impossible and unsuccessful. It was only at the end of the 1930’s, and only in the field of farming with irrigation, especially rice growing, that some development began to take place — mainly under the pressing need of the difficulties of wartime nutrition, (public supply). Since the Liberation, all the initial achievements in the field of water economics (such as the Tiszalök Dam, the Eastern Irrigation and Navigation Channel, etc.), the organization of up-to-date water service and of the Scientific Research Institute of Water Eoconomics and its successful work, and chiefly the forming of a new modern aspect of water economics — all these give us hope for great perspectives concerning the future development of our water economy. (In view of the fact that the original purpose of this paper had been to present a general survey of the development of water economics, certain details, especially such problems as have been fully negotiated in former articles, could only be touched upon. However, anyone interested can easily find ample enlightment of such problems in the references of the special literature.) 318
