O. Gy. Dely szerk.: Vertebrata Hungarica 23. (Budapest, 1989)

Topál, Gy.: Tertiary and Early Quaternary remains of Corynorhinus and Plecotus from Hungary (Mammalia, Chiroptera) 33-55. o.

HMBM = height of mandibular body behind M/3 HCP - height of coronoid process (measured between dorsalmost tip of coronoid process and the closest part of incisura vasorum in labial view). DESCRIPTIONS AND COMPARISONS Plecotus (Corynorhinus) crassidens Kormos, 1930 KORMOS (1930) based his species on a single mandible from Betfia, Roumania (Püspökfürdő, Somlyóberg), the type locality for the Betfian substage of the Lower Pleistocene (JÁNOSSY 1986). No figure was given with the original description. In the 1970s it became evident that - compared with the description, the actual specimen lacks P/4. This tooth had probably been broken off and lost later by someone who studied the holotype. The specimen has also been used in this work. KOWALSKI (1956, 1962) identified the rich plecotine remains from Podlesice, Poland as P. (Corynorhinus) crassidens. He pointed out for the first time the close relationship of North American Corynorhinus to KORMOS'

P. crassidens

. Later RABEDER (1974), based on new findings including the first maxillary fragments from a Lower Pleistocene locality at Deutsch Altenburg 2, Austria, described in great details its cranial features and based his Paraplecotus g.n. on this very species. RABEDER (op. cit. ) already questioned the identity of the Podlesice form with P. crassidens

. Recently a modest material including a rostrum has been found at Beremend Locality 17 and has been studied during this project. The list of specimens studied is as follows: Holotype, Reg. No. 4727 in the Palaeovertebrate Collection, Hungarian Geological Institute, Budapest, right mandibular fragment with M/l-M/2-M/3 and alveoli of P/2-P/4 (P/4 evidently lost subsequently), damaged ascending ramus (articular process missing). The specimen was collected in the years 19121913 by KORMOS. The following specimens are from Beremend Loc. 17 and deposited in the Palaeontological Department, Hungarian Natural History Museum: Register No. V. 86. 19, ser. No. 6, damaged rostrum with right P2/, M2/-M3/, left P4/, Ml/, damaged M2/, damaged M3/ and full set of alveoli of other teeth; Reg. No. of mandibular pieces V. 86.20. : ser. No. 15 left mandibular fragment with P/2-P/3-P/4-M/l-M/2 and alveoli of 1/3, M/3; ser No. 16, right mandibular fragment with alveoli of 1/3-M/3; ser. No. 17, left mandible with P/2-P/3-P/4-M/l-M/2-M/3 and alveoli of I/l-C, slightly damaged ascending ramus. A direct comparison of the probable holotype and the Beremend material showed great similarities, though almost all comparable measurements of the former were slightly greater than those of the latter one. Most of the differences can be explained, however, by considering a larger series from Deutsch Altenburg 2 (see: RABEDER, op. cit.). For the measurements, see Table 2. The recently found mandibles and the holotype of P. crassidens fully agree in the arrangement of the alveoli of the small premolars, that is, the alveolus of P/3 is decidedly smaller (narrower) and set lingually. The other important feature is the buccal basal portion of the angular process (see Plate II, Fig. 3) which is identical in the holotype and the other specimens. The P/4 of the type specimen of P. crassidens certainly had two roots. The Beremend specimens have partly two roots or incipient fusion of roots, especially from buccal view. According to RABEDER (op. cit. ) the Deutsch Altenburg 2 specimens have already fused roots of P/4, There are obvious differences in the shape of the rostrum. The lacrimal area is equally smooth in P. crassidens and in P. townsendii. A dorsomedian rostral depression is deep and extended in P. crassidens as compared to that of P. townsendii, where the foremost part of the rostrum is flat or even convex dorsally. The anteorbital foramen of P. crassidens is great, greater than that of P. townsendii

, and placed above the P4/ area, not above Ml/ as in P. townsendii (see Plate I, Figs 3, 6). Thus, the distance between the posterior margin of the anteorbital foramen and the foremost tip of the praemaxilla is much shorter (the general size of the skull is somewhat greater) in P. crassidens than in P. townsendii. Though the anteorbital foramen is large, the breadth of the anteorbital bridge is also much greater in P. crassidens (see Table 1). The rostrum of P. crassidens is strikingly broader in every respect than that of P. townsendii. The interorbital width is quite larger in P. crassidens. The