O. G. Dely szerk.: Vertebrata Hungarica 21. (Budapest, 1982)
Berger, L., Uzell, Th. ; Hotz, H.: Crossing experiments between some Western Palearctic species of water frogs (Salientia: Ranidae) 33-46. o.
Progeny of the Italian non-hybrid (Table 1, crosses 1-4) were very vital both in embryonic and larval development when developmental conditions were favorable. The tadpoles of cross 1 were divided into three groups; eight tadpoles developed in an aquarium in a sunny room; 20 developed In an aquarium outdoors, and 60 developed In a 300 liter basin outdoors. Tadpoles of cross 2 were divided into two groups; 45 tadpoles developed in an incubator at 28°C, and 100 were placed in the 300 liter basin along with those of cross 1. Those from cross 1 in aquaria completed metamorphosis; those from cross 2 in the incubator reached lengths of 50-67 mm by thé end of July, when they were preserved. Those from both crosses that lived in the 300 liter basin developed poorly; many of them died. On 5 September we caught only six individuals; they measured 16-21 mm. Fertilization of eggs and vitality of progeny from crosses of Italian frogs and R. perezi with frogs from Poznaá and one female R. rldlbund a from Turkey was very variable (Table 1, crosses 14-30), even within the same type of cross (cf. crosses 14-20) or among progeny of different crosses that shared one parent (Table 2). Tadpoles that were saved for further development usually completed metamorphosis in relatively high percentages, but two crosses between R. esculent a and Italian hybrids (crosses 25,26) did very poorly. Of the zygotes in cross 25, 89.3% cleaved abnormally following the first division, and all of these died as blastulae. Of 18 tadpoles that survived, six completed metamorphosis, but all six died shortly thereafter. More of the zygotes from cross 26 reached stage 25, but all became "argulus-like" by stage 22 or 23, and all died. Table 2. Vitality of tadpoles which derived from the same mother or father Parents Number of eggs Survival of embryos to stage 25 Vitality of tadpoles N/y 9 4 •§ First S clea« œ vage S m) Survival of embryos to stage 25 N Dead Living N/y 9 4 •§ First S clea« œ vage S m) Survival of embryos to stage 25 N Dead n "o a •a CO H Frogs N/y 9 4 •§ First S clea« œ vage S m) N %% N Dead n "o a •a CO H Frogs N/y 9 4 •§ First S clea« œ vage S m) N %% N Dead n "o a •a CO H N Metamorphosis in days N/y 9 4 •§ First S clea« œ vage S m) N %% N Dead n "o a •a CO H N Range Mean 1. 2. 7/79a 7/79b E N37 E H22 308 97. Ix 418 49. Ox 94 31.4 18 8.8 8 18 12 8 6 41-48 43.7 42-51 45.7 3. 4. 10/80a 10/80b L N38 L N 240 20. 4x 372 71.8 36 73.5 232 65.5 10 10 • 1 9 10 39-43 40.4 40-46 43.0 5. 6. 7. 9/79 10/79 14/79 L H 2i Rt H 2i N33 H21 2059 36.9 1608 12.9 433 30.7 727 95.8 176 84.6 132 99.2 16 16 20 2 16 14 20 38-46 39.8 37-47 42.0 70-93 74.5 8. 9. 1/80 14/80 L P12 H P12 266 92.1 290 98.3 233 95.0 276 96.8 15 276 276 15 40-43 41.4 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 2/80 6/80 7/80 10/80a 4/80 5/80 L N 38 L N 38 L n38 L N 3 8 R N38 R N38 226 75.7 250 30. Ox 197 98. 5x 240 20. 4x 4000 0.2 178 98. 3x 127 74.3 25 33.3 187 96.4 36 73.5 7 100.0 140 80.0 20 20 20 10 7 20 1 1 1 1 19 20 19 9 7 19 41-46 43.2 40-48 42.3 41-46 43.1 39-43 40.4 21-53 46.6 Explanations in Table 1. PLATE II. Tadpoles fathered by the same Italian non-hybrid male N38 and mothered by R. lessona e (A) and R. ridibund a (B) females in day 42 of their development (cf, Table 1, crosses 17 and 22). Phot.: Z. PNIEWSK3
