Alsóörs története - A Veszprém Megyei Levéltár Kiadványai 11. (Veszprém, 1996)
Összefoglaló angol nyelven (Summary)
Der Band beschäftigt sich eindringlich mit den Alsóörser Wegbrechern der Balatoner Badekultur und der Wassersporte, die hier die ersten Villen bauen, das Strandviertel errichten ließen, wodurch der Charakter der ganzen Siedlung umformt wurde. Summary According to archaeological finds, Alsóörs, on the northern shore of Lake Balaton, was slow in becoming a settlement. Its separation from the village called Örs came about only during the second half of the 13th century. Although we have only written evidence of the settlement from the end of the Middle Ages, the wealth of this material is quite remarkable by national standards. The authors aimed at treating and publishing this immense material as thoroughly as possible. Since the Middle Ages the land has naturally been ideal for producing highquality wine but not suitable for growing corn and breeding animals. In addition, the quarrying of red sandstone, fishing and reed harvesting played an important role in the economy of the settlement. Since the late 19th century Alsóörs has become a popular resort on Lake Balaton. The settlement, Calvinist since the early 17th century, in the second half of 18th century, had reached the population level that until the First World War remained unaltered. The village community of nobles, half-nobles (agilis) and peasants stayed rigid; the only way of class-mobility was intermarriage between peasants and nobles. Still this community operated a well-developed and differentiated local self-government. During the Turkish occupation the people of Alsóörs paid taxes equally to Hungarian and Turkish authorities, and also the local government was lead by Hungarian and Turkish 'mayors' together when the border of the Turkish empire finished at Lake Balaton. The only house of the lower nobility that has remained intact in Hungary, the "House of the Turkish tax-collector" evokes memories of the Turkish 'mayor' and an era of double taxation. In the 18th and 19th centuries the 'parish council' was taken over by a secular one. It was headed by a village magistrate, and nobles, semi-nobles and peasants participated equally in it. On the bases of class differentiation there were several magistrates working in parallel in the village and in the vineyards. Moreover, the half-nobles risen above peasant status and lowered from nobles formed common joint tenureship. The minutes of a meeting from 1750 is a very precious source in the history of the self-governing vineyards rallying outside owners as well. The authors have published some of the most valuable records of the meetings (letters in Hungarian from the Turkish times, laws of the village, minutes of the village magistrate and the vineyard self-government) in the history of the village. The book also contains data in tables about the real estate trade of vineyards from the 16th to the 19th century. It also highlights the pioneering spirit of the people in the area first promoting bathing and swimming in Alsóörs, those who built the first villas, established the baths - things which have completely transformed the face of the village.
