The Eighth Tribe, 1978 (5. évfolyam, 1-12. szám)
1978-05-01 / 5. szám
May, 1978 THE EIGHTH TRIBE Page 15 of the Croatian nobility, Croatia generally enjoyed extensive autonomy, and had a free hand in domestic matters. The extent of this autonomy, however, depended mostly on Hungary’s internal and external conditions. In times of crises and internal disorganization, Croatia’s autonomy and her influence upon Hungarian developments were more extensive. In times of centralization and rising royal power, however, this autonomy declined, and the Croats were forced to gear their own interests more and more to the national interests of Hungary. The conquest of Croatia and Dalmatia at the turn of the eleventh to the twelfth century brought many advantages to Hungary. It made Hungary into an Adriatic power, and it also opened the door for the conquest of Bosnia and other north Balkan territories during the next two centuries. At the same lime, however, this conquest also brought new challenges to the Magyars. For the first time they came into direct contact with the Byzantine and the Venetian power in the Upper Adriatic, which in turn initiated a protacted struggle with these states for the possession of the Dalmatian coastal cities. The latter, however, generally remained under Hungarian rule; all the more so as the Hungarian kings were willing to grant them more autonomy than either Venice or Byzantium. Hungaro-Byzantine Relations As has been shown earlier, Hungaro-Byzantine connections go back to the tenth century, when some of the Magyar armies had reached the walls of Constantinople, and when Byzantine Christianity began to take hold of the southern and eastern tribes of Magyardom. In fact, notwithstanding Géza’s and St. Stephen’s policies that eventually resulted in the triumph of Latin Christianity in Hungary, Byzantine Christianity survived right into the thirteenth century. Moreover, in certain areas, mostly among non-Magyar elements, it continued to flourish right into the twentieth century. The initial contacts between the Magyars and the Byzantines were only sporadic. With the destruction of the First Bulgarian Empire by the Byzantine Emperor Basil II in the years between 1014 and 1018, however, Hungary and Byzantium became immediate neighbors, which was bound to increase contacts. Moreover, in light of the growing German pressure upon the Magyars in the middle of the eleventh century, it was only natural for some of the Hungarian rulers to turn their attention to Byzantium. One of the earliest relics of this Byzantine 103 a new selection of kifli’s, torta’s, strudels, and cheese plates. The main courses will include gulyás, töltött káposzta, cabbage and noodles, possibly homemade kolbász and select surprises.” “We’re looking forward to seeing and meeting you and enjoying the conviviality and hospitality of many great peasant folk in authentic costumes.” Alexander Józsa Bodnár Now available from Bethlen Press: “A Condensed Geography of Hungary” 80 pages with maps, pictorial illustrations and other valuable information. $5.00 plus 75 cents postage 1813 MAP OF HUNGARY We have received a reproduction copy of an 1813 map of Hungary. Basically these are the specifics on the map: —Original is a copperplate engraving, produced in Pest in 1813, for use by the Army. —It depicts every town, village, land and water formation, battlesite, etc. —Original map was printed, then cut into 16 equal sized segments, and glued to a cloth backing and folded into a slip case for ease in handling. —The original map has been authenticated by the Library of Congress in Washington, D. C., and also by a private collector and gallery. Only 1,500 copies have been printed, and this is the only known reproduction of this particular map. Also, there are very few maps around from this time period. The map purchase price is: 1 map for $5.00, 2-10 are $4.00 per map. Shipping costs are included in these costs which are approximately $1.40 for first class mail service. This interesting and valuable map can be ordered by contacting: Jan K. Kary 122 Laurel Way, No. 3B Herndon, Virginia 22070 Get the Facts on SOLAR HEATING! ... It is time to think about converting your present heating unit to include SOLAR HEATING. A 160 page book with valuable information for homeowners, builders and architects. ’ ENERGY BOOM and SOLAR HEATING” Price $4.00 — including Postage To order make checks payable to: Sunwall Inc. Publications, c/o Bethlen Press, Inc. P.O. Box 637
