Szemészet, 2015 (152. évfolyam, 1-4. szám)
2015-06-01 / 2. szám
A myopia kontrolljának lehetőségei parens, és vékonyabb, a sclera vastagabb, átlátszatlan, és érhálózattal rendelkezik. Ha a corneában a beavatkozás következtében másodlagos komplikáció lépne fel, a keratoplasztika segíthet, de a sclerában mind az érhálózat sérülése, mind a hátsó pólus problémája nehezen megoldható. A hagyományosnál kevésbé invazívabb beavatkozás lehet a glicerin-aldehiddel végzett kémiai cross-linking, amely a sclera ngiditását csaknem 150%-kal fokozza (49). Hogy ez az újabb vegyület hasonló effektivitással bír-e, vagy a CXL milyen hatással van az érfalra és a sejtes elemekre, még további vizsgálatokat igényel. Vajon lesz-e olyan megbízható az eljárás, hogy a fiatal korosztályban merjük végezni (12)4 Irodalom 1. Adler D, Millodot M. The possible effect of under-correction on myopia progression in children. Clin Exp Optom 2006 Sept; 89(5): 315-21. 2. Anstice NS, Philips JR. Effect of dual-focus soft contact lens wears on axial myopia progression in children. Ophthalmology 2011 June; 118(6): 1152-1161. 3. Barcsay G, Nagy ZZ, Németh J. Distribution of axial, corneal and combined ametropia in refractive surgery unit. Eur J Ophthalmol 2003 Nov-Dec; 13(9-10): 739-744. 4. Bernsten DA, Sinnott LT, Mutti DO, Zadmk K. A Randomized Trial Using Progressive Addition Lenses to Evaluate Theories of Myopia Progression in Children with a High Lag of Accommodation. I0VS, February 2012; 53 (2): 640-649. 5. Brodstein RS, Brodstem DE, Olson RJ, Hunt SC, Williams RR. The treatment of myopia with atropine and bifocals. A long-term prospective study. Ophthalmology 1984; 91 (11): 1373-1379. 6. Bullimore MA, Sinnot LT, Jones-Jordan LA. The risk of microbial keratitis with overnight corneal reshaping lenses. Optom Vis sei 2013 Sep; 90 (9): 937-44. 7. Cheng D, Woo GC, Drohe B, Schmid KL. Effect of bifocal and prismatic bifocal spectacles on myopia progression in children: three-year results of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2014 Mar; 132 (3): 258-264. 8. Chia et al. Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia: safety and efficacy of 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.01% doses (Atropine for the Treatment of Myopia 2). Ophthalmology 2012 Feb; 119 (2): 347-354. 9. Cho P Cheung SW. Retardation of Myopia in Orthokeratology (R0MI0) Study: A 2-Year Randomized Clinical Trial. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei 2012 Oct; 53 (11): 7077-7085. 10. Chung K, Mohidin N, O'Leary DJ. Undercorrection of myopia enhances rather than inhibits myopia progression. Vision Res 2002 Oct; 42 (22): 2555-2559. 11. Dart, et al. Risk Factors for Mikrobial Keratitis with Contemporary Contact Lenses. Ophthalmology 2008 Oct; 115(101:1647-1654. 12. Elsheikh A, Phillips JR. Point-counterpoint. Is scleral cross-linking a feasible treatment for myopia control? Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2013; 33: 385-389. 13. Ganesan R Wildsoet CF. Pharmaceutical intervention for myopia control. Expert Rev Ophthalmol 2010; 5(6): 759-787. 14. Gwiazda J, Hyman L, Hussein M, et al. Comet group. A randomized clinical trial of progressive addition lenses versus single vision lenses on the progression of myopia in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei 2003 April; 44(4): 1492-1500. 15. Hiraoka T, Kakita T, Okamoto E Takahashi H, Oshika T. Long-term effect of overnight orthokeratology on axial length elongation in childhood myopia: A 5-year follow-up study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei 2012; 53: 3913-3919. 16. Horner DG, Soni PS, Salmon TO, Swartz TS. Myopia progression in adolescent wearers of soft contact lenses and spectacles. Optom Vis Sei 1999 July; 76(7): 474-479. 17. Katz J, et al. A randomized trial of rigid gas permeable contact lenses to reduce progression of children’s myopia. American Jornal of Ophthalmology 2003 July; 136(1): 82-90. 18. Logstrup N, Sjolie AK, Kyvik K0, Green A. Long term influence of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus on refrac- tion and its components: a population based twin study. Br J Ophthalmol 1997; 81: 343-349. 19. McCarthy CS, Megaw R Devadas M, Morgan IG. Dopaminergic agents affect the ability of brief periods of normái vision to prevent formdeprivation myopia Experimental Eye Research 2007; 84(1): 100-107. 20. Morgan IG, Ashby RS, Nickla DL. Point-counterpoint. Form deprivation and lens-induced myopia: are they different? Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2013; 33: 355-361. Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics 2013; 33: 355-361 © 2013 The College of Optometrists 21. Mutti DO, Zadnik K, Fusaro RE, Friedman NE, Sholtz Rl, Adams AJ. Optical and structural development of the crystalline lens in childhood. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei 1998; 39: 120. 22. Mutti DO. Marks AR. Blood Levels of Vitamin D in Teens and Young Adults with Myopia Optom Vis Sei 2011 March; 88(3): 377-382. 23. Nichols J, Marsich MM, Nguyen M, Barr JT, Bullimore MA. Overnight Orthokeratology. Optom Vis Sei 2000 May; 77 (5): 252-259. 24. Phillips JR. Monovision slows juvenile myopia progression unilaterally. BrJ Ophthalmol 2005 Sept; 89 (9): 1196-1200. 25. Sankaridurg D, Donovan L, Varnas S, et al. Spectacle Lenses Designed to Reduce Progression of Myopia: 12-Month Results. Optom Vis Sei 2010; Sept 87 (9): 631-641. 26. Sankaridurg R Holden B, Smith EL III, et al. Decrease in rate of Myopia Progression with a contact lens designed to reduce relative peripheral hyperopia: one year results. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei 2011 Dec; 52(13): 9362-9367. 27. Sherwin JC, et al. The Association between Time Spent Outdoors and Myopia in Children and Adolescents A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis. Ophthalmology 2012; 119: 2141-2151. 28. Shih Y-E Hsiao CK, Chen C-J, et al. An intervention trial on efficacy of atropine and multi-focal glasses in controlling myopic progression. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2001; 79(3): 233-236. 29. Siatkowski RM, et al. Safety and efficacy of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia: a 1-year, multicenter doublemasked, placebo-controlled parallel study. Arch Ophthalmol 2004 Nov; 122(11): 1667-1674. 30. Siatkowski RM, et al. Two-year multicenter, randomized, doublemasked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. J AAPOS 2008 Aug; 12 (4): 332-339. 31. Smith EL III, Kee C, Ramamirtam R, et al. Peripheral Vision Can