Kovács Petronella (szerk.): Isis - Erdélyi magyar restaurátor füzetek 5. (Székelyudvarhely, 2006)
Mester Éva: Geometrikus alosztás, felfokozott optikai hatások, visszafogott színezés. Az art deco üvegablakainak általános restaurálási problémái. A Liszt Ferenc Zeneakadémia üvegablakainak restaurálása
between 1996 and 1999. The study describes the buildings - 1. dwelling house from Tarcsafalva, 2. granary and bam from Csehétfalva, 3. baking house from Rugonfalva. 1. The name of Tarcsafalva was first mentioned in the papal tithe list in 1332-1337. The house reconstructed here was built in 1780. It is divided into a front house, a kitchen, a hack house with the veranda and the porch in front of it. The front house is smaller than the back house by the width of the porch. The axes of the front and the back houses are not aligned, so the purlin of the front house, which bears an inscription and a date, stretches over into the kitchen. The window jambs are decorated with quadruple, red-painted grooving. The cross-beams are also decorated with carving, grooving and painting. The doors and the windows were modified and enlarged. Holes were bored into the sides of the door jambs, the bore-holes were gouged out and the logs were fit into them with tenons. The window sills and the transom were fixed to the logs with each two pegs. In the roof construction, oak pegs held the collar-beams and the cross-beams together. The rafters were planted on the collar beams and fixed with pegs. The ends that jutted out and the tilting fillet were both decorated. The NW and SE rafters were led out only until the perch leaving smoke holes on both sides. One of the two oak roof decorations has been preserved. It was lance-shaped. The traces of a trelliswork on the rafters suggest that the roof was covered with granite. A number of tiles with dates on them have been preserved from 1807 and 1810, and one has the inscription “Unitárius GM 1909 Csehétfalva”. The traces of seven posts can be seen on the ground sill of the porch. Three of the posts fixed with tenons and angle bracing were found in their original position and one built in as a railing. There are no traces of latticing in of the veranda and the porch from the time of the construction, and nothing reveals the original material and measurements of the stairs. A hearth packed with stone was discovered at the investigation of the kitchen floor, in which shards from the 17th-! 8th centuries were recovered. Shards dated from the 14th century also came to light, which could get into the kitchen from the digging of the cellar. The foundation needs further investigation. The cattle bladder window panels were also reconstructed at the replacement of the Tarcsafalva dwelling house. As far as we know this is the only example in Transylvania. 2. Csehétfalva is a hidden village in the middle stretch of the Nyikó valley. A document from 1567 mentioned 17 houses. No historical data exist about the granary reconstructed here. The passage bam was divided into the four spaces: granary, bam, granary and cart-shed. It was built of stone with dry walling. The oak ground sills were made with half-lap joints. The jambs of the two granary doors and the posts at the four corners of the bam were jointed in them. The round pine logs of the wall were laid across. The logs were left 120 cm longer on the southeastern side creating a fence to help the driving of the animals into the yard. Eaves were created with the elongation of the roof construction above the cart-shed and the two granaries. Three ceiling beams jut out from the western front, which, together with the beams pressed between the sill beam and the first log compose a protected area where the stakes of the haystack and the wheat-sheaves were stored. The windows next to the doorjambs of the granaries could not be opened. A clay layer insulated the granary between the logs, then the walls were whitewashed. 3. Rugonfalva is the last village in the lower stretch of the Nyikó valley. According to the construction technology and the dated shard recovered from the baking house, the farm was built in the second half of the 19th century. The baking house stood in the continuation of the dwelling house, four metres from it. It was divided into three spaces: baking house, shed and pigsty. The ground sills were made of oak, the pine and beach logs were cut to a quadrangular shape leaving the bark on the logs, then they were packed into a bracing. A poorer quality raw material was used on the side of the shed and the sty. No lintel was used at the door. The building is enclosed by crowning beams laid in two rows. The pine roof beams were laid on them. The rafters were fixed with overlapping and pegs, and lower down with a perch. The saddle roof was covered with tiles of rounded terminals. One of them had the inscription “Péterfíy Gyula 1989 junius 20-án”, and a few items were decorated with incisions and flower motives. The sides of the roof were closed with planks. Small pegs were hammered into the log wall, which was insulated with daub mixed with chaff and long-stalked straw. Fourteen whitewashing layers could be separated on the building. The buildings of the Sekler household of the Nyikó valley rebuilt in the yard of the Molnár István Museum were furnished with the material remains of folk lifestyle. István Demeter Conservator Haáz Rezső Museum RO-535600 Odorheiu Secuiesc Kossuth str. 29 Éva GALAMBOS On photo-technical and microscopic analyses of painted works of art in general The proper evaluation of photos made of works of art before restoration taken in normal, incident, UV, luminescent and infra-red light can provide valuable information so it can be regarded as the first step of analyses. First an achromatic and distortionless long shot photo should be made of all the sides of the object, including the inside, in normal light. Detail photos are suitable to illustrate structural specifics, traces of tools, injuries and the condition of paint layers and coatings. In incident light, surface irregularities, fissures and defects appear in clear contrast. Normal photos are indispensable at the analysis of the photos made in other radiations, so the same details should be photographed in luminescent and infrared lights as well. The reflective and 139
