Századok – 1992

Tanulmányok - Gyarmati György: Modernizációs szükséglet és hatalmi érdek konfliktusa. Az igazgatásszervezet átalakítása Magyarországon. 1945–1950 II/202

a közigazgatás átalakítása 1945-1950 között 225 36

PTI, Arch. 274. 15/23. 37

uo. 38

PTI. Arch. 274. 8/26. 39

PTI. Arch. 274. 15/9. 15/211. 40

Révai József: Élni tudunk a szabadsággal. Budapest, 1949. 517-518., illetve PTI. Arch. 274. 9/24. 41

A külön nem jelzett idézetek a továbbiakban az alábbi dokumentumokból származnak: Javaslat az önkormányzati és igazgatási reform kidolgozásának alapelveire. 1948. június 30. A közigazgatási reform alapelvei. 1948 július. A közigazgatási reform megvalósítása során érvényesítendő szempontok. 1948. augusztus 11. Utasítások kérése a közigazgatás reformjának megindításához. 1949. január. 28Javaslatok a helyi tanácsokról. 1950. február 13. Beér hagyaték... 42

Pető Iván - Szakács Sándor: A hazai gazdaság négy évtizedének története. Budapest, 1985.1. 118. THE NEED TOR MODERNIZATION IN CONLICT WOTH POWER INTERESTS (TRANSORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF ADMINISTATION IN HUNGARY BETWEEN 1944 AND 1950) Summary By György Gyarmati The article deals with the problem of modernizing administration as one of the important fields of power politics in Hungary in the post-war years. The October, 1944 talks of Churchill and Stalin in Moscow modified the political reconstruction of Hungary at the end of the war so that unlike in Poland and Bulgaria, the so-called national committees did not become here factors in administration and power politics. They were quickly deprived of their authority as power organs, and the traditional system of administration was restored for lack of something better. It was, however, so outdated anyway that it was hardly able to meet the requirements, giving rise to various concepts of modernization that were immediately turned into politics. The parties' attitude to them varied according to the extent of power they hoped to obtain by them. The division of power after the parliamentary elections of November, 1945 complicated the problem of the reform of administration even further. The Independent Smallholders' Party won absolute majority in Parliament but the three parties of the coalition — forming a bloc against them — tried to preserve their own dominance in central and local administration. So there came about a strange dualism dividing the coalition, and the legislative and executive power came to be divided along the actual lines of power relations among the parties. The main goal of the allied „bloc parties" (i.e. the Hungarian Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party and the National Peasant Party) was to eliminate the parliamentary majority of the Smallholders, While the latter — in the hope of another victory — urged for local elections, trying to ensure their majority in executive power. The leadership of the Hungarian Communist Party even stated in an inner document of September, 1946 that they were willing to accept a transformation of the system of administration only if it confirmed to the Communist principles. However, they deemed t possible only about two years later. This manoeuvring was then characteristic of the preparations for administrative reform. The Communists dominating nearly completely the Ministry of the Interior took part in the inter-party talks on the reforms but they mostly tried to hinder or postpone any new concept of administration. In this they were supported by their Minister, as well. A change came only after the summer of 1948, i. e. the total Communist breakthrough, when the Communist Party was no more pressed by the need to negotiate with the other parties and could enforce its will also in this field of state life, this is how the system of councils was brought about in Hungary after the Soviet model came to be introduced in 1950. György Gyarmati CONFLIT DE L'EXIGENCE DE MODERNISATION ET D'INTÉRÊT DE PUISSANCE. LA RÉORGANISATION DU RÉGIME ADMINISTRATIF DE LA HONGRIE ENTRE 1944-1950 (Résumé) L'étude analyse comment le problème de la modernisation du régime administratif hongrois est devenu une partie importante de la lutte le pouvoir politique dans les années après la 2ème guerre mondiale. Les négociations antre Churchill et Stalin en octobre 1944 à Moscou modifiaient la réorgani-