Századok – 1955

Bibliográfia - A Magyarországon megjelent történettudományi művek jegyzéke (1955. január 1.–június 30.) 813

824 PK3MME H. Eepend-/ib. Pawiu: HEMEI4KHE K0J10HH3AT0PCKHE CTPEMJlEHHfl M ΒΕΗΓΕΡΟΚΑΗ OAEPHMHO-3ABOflCKAH IlPOMblIIlJIEHHOCTb BO ΒΡΕΜΗ AHTHCOBETCKOfî BOÎÎHb], 1941-1945 Ρ e 3 ίο M e ΠρΗΧΟΛ φΐ!11ΙΗ3ΜΗ K BJiaCTH Β ΓκρΜΒΗΗΗ OCOŐeHHO ρβ3Κ0 BblflBHHyjT Ha ΠβρΒΗΗ ΠΛβΗ CTpeMjieHHH HeMeuKoro nMnepnajiM3Ma κ nopaöomennK) lOrtaanaflHOß Eeponbi. BeHrepcKwe ROCNOACTBYIOMNE KJiaccbi, HecMorpH Ha το, MTO uejin HeiweiiKoro HMnepna-JTH3Ma HM 6 MJIΗ HCHbl, CTapajIHCb C03flaTb TeCHblíí 3K0H0MHMeCKHH H nOJlHTHMeCKHH COR):! C ΦΒΩΚΕΤΰΚΟΗ repMaHHeii, noTOMy MTO ΟΗΗ 6ΗΛΗ comacHbi c SHTHCOBCTCKHMH njianaMH nocjieA-neil, a C Apyroii cropoHw riOTOMy, MTO Β φ3ΐιΐΗΰτα<0Η repMaHHH ΟΗΗ BHÄCJIH noAAepMocy AJIH ocymecTBjieHHH CBOHX PCBHSHOHHCTCKHX njiaHOB. 3aKJHoqeHHbie c repMaHHeíí 3KOHOMHHCCKHG corjiameHHH 6MJIH Mpe3BbiMaííH0 ΒΗΓΟΑHblMH ÄJ1H ΗΒΜΙΙΒΒ. EUJE B CCpCflHHC 30-bIX ΓΟΑΟΒ ÖblJlO OMCBHFLHO, MTO HCMCIÍKHH HMnCpHSJIH3M CTapaeTCH oßecneMHTb ceöe KAK MOWHO ßojibinee 3KOHOMHMCCKOC BJIHSHHC β BEHRPHH. OcoßenHO Bbipocjra onacHoeTb HeMeuKoro HMnepnajiH3Ma nocjie aHuijnocca. nocjie 3axBaTa aBCTpHft-CKHX, a πο3>κε H MCHICKHX KANHTAUOB, 12 NPOMEHTOB KANHTAJRA ANUHOHEPHBIX OŐMECTB Β BeHrpHH nepeiiijio B pyKH HeivmeB. HaMHHan c 1938 roaa CBbime 50 προμβΗτοΒ BeHrepcKOíí BHeuiHefí ToproBjiH npoBOflHiiocb c TepMaHHefi. B nepBbie ΓΟΑΜ BOHHH, KORNA repMaHHH eme HMEJIA BOEHHBIE ycftexH, 3KOHOMHMCCKHH H nojiHTHMCCKHH HawnM Ha BeHrpnio npoflojiwaji yCHJiHBaTbCH. Heivmbi Bce ôojiee οτκρωτο YTBEP>KaajTH, MTO BeHrepcKoe CEJIBCKOE XO3HMCTBO «AOJOKHO NPNCNOCOÖHTBCH κ ποτρείΪΗοετΗΜ HeMeUKOrO pbIHKa», B OßjiaCTH npOMbllllJieHHOCTH BeHrpHH AOJIHCHa pa3BHBaTb JIHUJb CBOIO CCJIbCK0X03HHCTBGHHyK) npOMLItlUTCHHOCTb, ΠρΟΜΗβ >Κβ OTpaCJlH AOJDKHbl nOAMHHHTbCH HCMeUKOMy KanHTajiy, a HOBbie npoMbiuuieHHbie OTPACNH COBCEM HE AOJDKHM CO3«aBaTbCH. nocjie HanaaeHHH Ha COBCTCKHÍÍ C0103, — κ MeMy nocnemHO NPHCOEAHHHJIHCB Hacnex H BenrepcKHC rocnoacTByiomHe KJiaccbi, -^xopracTCKaa BeHrpHH najia eme HH>i<e Β jiarepe rocyaapcTB-caTejuiHTOB, SKOHOMHMecKan we 3aBHCHM0CTb ee οτ repMaHHH crajia eme 6ojiee nojiHOfl. riepeB03 BeHrepcKoro cupbH Η cbecTHbix npHnacOB Β repMaHHH) npHHRn rpoMaAHbie pa3Mepbi. BcjrCACTBHe 3ΤΟΓΟ BecHOH 1942 ro;ia Β BEHRPHH np0A0B0JibCTBeHHbie naÖKH SHJIH ywe MeHbuie, MŰM B repMaHHH. H3 BeHrepcnoro cbipi.H OCOŐEHHO BbiB03 6OKCHT3 Η ΗβφTM YCHJIHBAJICH ßYPHWMH TEMNAMH. AnTHCOBCTCKaH BOHHa TpeSoBajia orpoMHbix ycnjiníi οτ φβιιΐΗατκοΗ repMaHHH. 3το Bbi3Bajio HeoôxoflHMOCTb iiocTaBHTb Ha BoeHHyio cjiy>K6y nojiHyio npoMbimjieHHyio MOiiiHOCTb nopaöomeiiHbix cTpaH H crpaH-caTejuiHTOB. CjieaoBare^bHO, Η ec.MOT ρ sí Ha το, MTO ΗΘΜΗΜ Η aajlbllie CTpeMHJlHCb K nOJIHOH KOJIOMMUHH BeHrpHH, H npHflep>KHBajlHCb,nO CymeCTBy, CBOHX npewHHX njiaHOB OTHOCHTejjbHO AajibHefiiiiero ΘΚΟΗΟΜΗΜΘΟΚΟΓΟ pa3BHTHH BeHrpHH, Bee we, XOTb Ha BpeMH BOHHbl, ÔbIJIH BblHyXWHΗ CACJiaTh B03M0>KHbIM Η Aa>Ke CnOCOÖCTBOBaTb HeKOTopoMy pa3BHTHio BeHrepcKOH npoMbiiujieHHOCTH, pa3y.MceTCH, Β nepByio OMepe^b, BOCHHOH npoMbiuiJieHHOCTH, H6O OHH Hynma^HCb Β ee npoAyKTax. HaMHHaH c 1941 rőfla 3HaMHTenbHaH MacTb BeHrepcKOíí npoMbiumeHHOCTH öbijia noeraB-jjeHa Ha CJiy»t6y HeMeuKOii apMHH. Tanne Sojibmne 3aB0«bi KaK ΜΑΒΑΓ HJIH OpywceiíHbiH 3aB0fl nocbiJiaJiH HCMCUKOH apMHH 50 80 npoueHToe CBoeií προ/ryKunH. 3aH0B0 >κε ποετροeHHbie 3aB0flbi ÄOJDKHH 6ΗΛΗ npeaocTaBHTb β pacnopawceHHe iieMenKOfi apMHH 60— 90 npoueHTOB cBoeíi MOIUHOCTH. BawHbiM cpeacTBOM SKcnJiyaTaqHH BeHrepcKOíí npOMbimjieHHOCTH HCMIOMM Gujia TaK Ha3bmaeMaH CHCTeMa o6pa6oTKH AaBajibMecKoro cbipbH, πρπ κοτοροΐί BeHrepcKHe 3aB0flbi Η Φ36ΡΠΚΗ paßoTajiH AJiH HeMeiíKOfí apMHH, Macro ynoTpeßjiHH HeiweuKoe cbipbe. ΠΟΛ npeajioroM KOHTpojiH Ha« 06pa60TK0ü AaBajibMecKoro cbipbH HeMUbi co3flanH KOMHTCT ΠΟΛ Ha-3B3HHeM Deutsche Industriekommission in Ungarn, iipn noMOiUH κοτοροτο ΟΗΗ κΟΗτρΟΛΗ-poBajiH Bce BeHrepcKoe npoMbimjieHHoe np0n3B0AcrB0. Β xo«e BOHHH HCMUU Bce pe»<e ΠΜΤΜΗ 3a CBOH 3aKa3bi, HT3K CHCTeMa o6pa6oTKH AaBajibMecKoro cbipbH CTajia cpescTBOM orpaSjieHHH CTpaHbl. Β paMKH STOW CHCTeMbI BXOÄHJIO pa3BHTHe BeHrepCKOit aBHa-H ajHOMHHHeBOH npOMbimjieHHOCTH, κοτοροΐί paHbiue HeMUbi MeuiajiH BCCMH cpeacTBaMH. POCT HCMCHKOIO BJIHHHHH OTpawajicH Η Β TOM, MTO HeMUbi CTapajiHCb o6ecneMHTb ce6e KannTa^bHyio 3aHHTepecoBaHHOCTb Β Ρ Η,re ppe/uipHHTHH. CorjiacHO CBOflKaM CTaTHCTHMecKoro yiipaBJieiiHH MHCJIO npoMbiuineHHbix ai<UHÜ, naxOAHiUHXCH Β pyKax HCMUCB, ot 1938 roAa ao 1942 roAa B03pocjio Ha 50 NPOUEIITOB.