Marta, Livius et al.: The Late Bronze Age Settlement of Nyíregyháza-Oros „Úr Csere” (Satu Mare, 2010)
V. Ioan Bejinariu: Metal Objects
tion with other representative archaeological materials. The mushroom-shaped head that probably comes from a needle was discovered in the pit no. 44 (PI. 8/4). This type of needles, unfortunately most of them with the rod broken, occurs in small numbers in discoveries from Slovakia, in funerary contexts or in deposits267. A cup-headed needle was recovered from the uncovered cultural stratum. The needle rod, round in section, is decorated towards the head with horizontal and zig-zag lines. The needle length: 15.5 cm, the head diameter: 0.9 cm (PI. 36/5). The needles of this type from the area of Slovakia were included by M. Novotná in the Diviaky type. They were discovered in the western half of Slovakia, especially in funerary contexts (Chotin, Diviaky and other cremation cemeteries) and they garnished mainly tombs of the male persons, together with other objects considered as masculine. The discoveries here are located during the old times of the urn fields.268 In the western part of the Carpathian Basin (west of the Danube) this type of needles appear in a much larger number in the archaeological contexts assigned to the Late, respectively Recent Bronze Age and they are encountered even in discoveries assigned to the Hallstatt period.269 A bronze needle resembling to the one discovered in Oros settlement originates from the Village of Ciumeşti270 (Satu Mare County). Unfortunately, it is a discovery made by accident, probably in the “Moara” (Mill) location and therefore no other references about the possible association of this item with ceramic material are available. A horseshoe-shaped or crescent pendant was discovered alongside other bronze pieces incurred in the filling of the ditch researched on the west side of the site. The pendant is slightly damaged on the outside curve and it has two small protuberances on the inside (Pi. 23/10). The prototype of these pendants appears in the Koszider type deposits of the Upper Tisa region, dated to the end of Middle Bronze Age. Their evolution, with only negligible changes of shape, continues until the old times of Urnfield Culture, the numerous discoveries made in the deposits, in settlements and in graves standing as evidence in this respect.271 The biggest number of this type of pendants was 267 Novotná 1980, p. 125. 268 Novotná 1980, p. 125-127, PI. 66. 269 Rihovsky 1983, p. 26-27. 270 Bader 1978, p. 100, Pl. XC/10. 271 Bóna 1959, PI. 5 Kemenczei 1965, p. 114; Kemenczei 1967, p. 292; Dusek 1969, p. 72, PI. 14/14; Kovács 1984, Pl. XCVIII/2; Kovács 1986, p. 28, 39-40, PI.2/6-8; Furmánek 1980, p. 39; Furmánek-lllásová-Marková 1999, p. 7-15, PI. 3/1-4; Veliacik 1991, p. 202-203, PI. 32/10; Kacsó 1999, p. 93, Pl. 1/1. 52
