Marta, Livius et al.: The Late Bronze Age Settlement of Nyíregyháza-Oros „Úr Csere” (Satu Mare, 2010)
III. Dan V. Sana: Archaeological Complexes and Surface Management int he Settlement
one used to have an approximately circular ground-plan and irregular profile, lowering down in two steps, getting narrower at the base. Its maximum diameter, measured in the upper part, is of approximately 200 cm. Its bottom is flat and the depth is of approximately 70 cm from the outlining level. It probably had a post pit, located approximately in the central area, which goes 100 cm deep from the outlining level. The second one is an oval complex, with the sizes of 200 x 230 cm, with oblique walls and flat bottom, narrower at the base and wider at the mouth. Its depth is of 45 cm from the outlining level. As anyone can see, the system design respects the canons of the time. The houses were made of a superstructure of wood (poles and wattle) with a layer of clay applied above. The pole pits discovered and the fragments of clay-and-straw mortar found in many other complexes support these claims. The useful area was relatively reduced. None of the dwellings researched by us had combustion structures of the fireplace or stove type. The closest similarities originate from the settlement of Nyíregzháza, located in the area of the Supermarket Tesco28, these being actually the only ones known in Hungary until today as belonging to Hajdfibagos-Cehăluţ group. Instead, on the territory of Romania, the discoveries are less numerous, these being in general surface dwellings29. The most important similarities are found, however, in the recent discoveries of Recea- Valea Sulduba, where most of the constructions researched resemble in shape and size with our complex number 281, the difference being given by the fact that almost all of them used to have a fireplace inside30. Pits This category is by far the most numerous one among our discoveries, being documented through approximately 183 complexes. Depending on their destination, they can be divided into two categories: a) Food store pits/domestic refuse pits and b) Offerings Pits. These categories can be further differentiated, shape wise, in other three categories (1. Cone-shaped; 2. Bag shaped or irregular profile; 3. Cylindrical). 1. The cone-shaped pits represent the dominant type, having, in general, circular or oval ground-plan and relatively flat or slightly concave bottom. Their maximum di-28 Nagy 2007, p. 130. 29 Suplacu de Barcău (Ignat 1984, p. 9); Crasna and Cehei (Bejinariu, Lakó 2000, p. 158-159; Bejinariu 2003, p. 97-98); Pericei (Matei et alii 2005, p. 261). 30 Bejinariu 2009, p. 185-188. 16
