Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)
IV. Habitation of the Lăpuş II-Gáva I Archaeological Culture
IB which comprises pots with out curved rim (PL 4/7, 9/17). Type 1 is one of the most frequent of pot forms (42,30%), of which subtype IB is the most prevalent. Several type 1 examples have two handles under the rim (PI. 9/17, 26/6) and very rarely do these start from the rim (PI. 62/6). The decoration of type 1 pots consists of conical knobs (AA), small wide knobs (AE) and in one case arched appliqué rib (BH). Subtypes 1A and IB are encountered in the finds of the Lăpuş group423, in those of the Gáva I type in the region of Carei424 or within finds from the Tisa Basin dated to BzD/ HaA42L Similar forms with akin accessories and ornaments of the Suciu de Sus culture (variants lAa and lAb) could be the source of inspiration of type 1 pots from the Lăpuş II—Gáva I habitation. Pots with similar forms continue to be used also in the evolved phase of the Gáva culture426. Type 2 comprises pots with arched bodies. These are preponderantly made from coarse clay. It represents 42,3% of the number of typologically identified pots within the complexes of the settlement (similar to the type 1). Subtype 2A includes pots without a neck with straight rim that is an extension of the vessel’s walls (PI. 6/11, 62/8). The examples of this subtype lack handles. Subtype 2B comprises pots with out curved thick rims (PI. 9/12, 10/6, 19/1-2, 62/3). Unlike the preceding subtype the examples of subtype 2B have two (PI. 10/6, 19/2) or even four handles placed crossways on two levels (PI. 62/3)427. Pots with arched bodies are rarely decorated, only one example of each subtype is fitted with small knobs placed close to the rim (motif AA). Subtype 2A is present within the pottery of the Lăpuş428 group and within Gáva I type pottery in the Plain of Carei429. Subtype 2B is well represented within the finds of the Lăpuş430 group being also present within Gáva I pottery in the area of Carei431. Pots with arched bodies were also very frequent within the Suciu de Sus habitation at Petea—Csengersima (types 2 and 3). Type 1 and 2 pots are common forms within the pottery of the cultures from the Carpathian Danubian region, dating from the Late Bronze Age and the Early Hallstatt. Even so, for both pot types present in the Lăpuş II—Gáva I settlement at Petea—Csengersima one can take into account a local origin from the forms of the Suciu de Sus culture. An argument is the fact that the accessories and ornaments of the pots from the Lăpuş II-Gáva I habitation are identical with those used earlier in the region, and so different from the vessels in the neighbouring areas which in their turn also inherit local traditions. In this sense one can mention the finger impressed appliqué belt decoration which is inherited by the Gáva I pots in the region of Carei from the Hajdúbagos—Cehăluţ cultural group432. Concerning the pots of the Lăpuş group, these inherit the intense use of striations433 and a few different types 423 Kacsó 1981, p. (Lăpuş, tipurile VIA şi VIIA), Kacsó 1990, fig. 6/1-17 (Libotin), Kacsó 1993, IV/1-6,24, V/1,17, VII/1,4, IX/1 (Suciu de Sus — Pe şes), XII/5,9 (Groşii Ţibleşului). 424 Németi 1990, fig. 1/6, VII/4,6 (Berveni), 12/4, 13/4 (Carei). 425\ This kind of pots contained the type Ha A1 bronze deposits found at Pácin (Hellebrandt 1989, abb. 2) and Ujgorod (IV) (Kobak 2000, taf. 70/9) 426 Németi 1990, fig. 20/8 (Cămin); Vasiliev — Aldea — Ciugudean 1990, p. 83 (type Illa), László 1994, p. 68 (type 1A); Pankau 2004, p. 56 (variant 3). 427 Pots with arched bodies fitted with four handles are also present in the necropolis at Lăpuş - variant IVB (Kacsó 1981, p. 34). 428 Kacsó 1993, pl. II/2, XI/1 (Suciu de Sus — Pe şes), XII/4,6,7 (Groşii Ţibleşului); Kacsó 2003, pl. XII/1 (Lăpuş — Cioncaş), XX/1 (Lăpuş — Pe mlacă ). 429 Németi 1990, fig. 5/11. 430 Kacsó 1981, p. 34 (subtipul IVA — Lăpuş); Kacsó 1990, fig. 7/2,9, 9/8-10,12 (Libotin); Kacsó 1993, pl. 11/14,15, VIII/2,3, X/1,2, 12/4 (Suciu de Sus - Pe şes), XI/6,10,11, XII/10, XIII/6,9,10 (Groşii Ţibleşului); Kacsó 1994, Pl. 11/1,2 (Lăpuş — Gruiul Târgului); Kacsó 2003, pl. XII/4-7, 12-13, XIII/1-2 (Lăpuş — Cioncaş), XIV/4-5 (Lăpuş - Podul hotarului), XV/13 (Lăpuş - La arini), XVI/11 (Lăpuş - Tuliceasa), XVlI/7,15 (Lăpuş — Tinoasa), XX/2,3,5 (Lăpuş - Pe mlacă). 431 Németi 1990, fig. 1/12,4/5,7/3,8, 8/1 (Berveni), 12/1, 14/2,6 (Carei). 432 Németi 1990, p. 40, fig. 1/15, 11/3, 13/5. 433 Striations are intensely applied on coarse pottery (including pots) from the necropolis at Lăpuş (Kacsó 1975, p. 53, 59) and represent the most frequent ornament encountered on the pottery discovered at Libotin 66
