Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)
III. Habitation of te Suciu de Sus Archaeological Culture
their potential link with the ornamentation of the Wietenberg culture232. A similar situation can be observed in the case of motif IE, well represented in the Suciu III phase252 253 and in the Wietenberg culture254 but without any presence of elements that would prove it was taken over. Arched, wavy lines (the J group of ornaments - Typ. pl. 4). Even if it is a simple ornamental modf, the groups of arched lines are the main ornament on the bodies of some IB type cups. The JB motif (triangular spaces with arched sides filled with short parallel lines), is a secondary ornament that was used to mark the space between spiral and arched motifs. This decoration is present only on a single fragment from the Suciu III habitation at Petea - Csengersima (PI. 27/2). The method of highlighting arched or spiral ornaments by filling the spaces between them with short parallel lines is specific of the Suciu de Sus I phase255 , and also of the Otomani, Füzesabany or Gyulavársánd cultures256. In the Late Bronze Age, this ornament will be inherited by the Suciu de Sus culture and also by the Hajdúbagos — Cehăluţ cultural group. Arched spaces filled with parallel incised lines start to be replaced by excised spaces in the case of the late Suciu de Sus culture. In the case of some setdements like the one at Oarţa de Jos — Vâlceaua Rusului and Bicaz-Igoaie2'7 this ornament has a fairly high frequency. It seems to be rare in Culciu Mare, while at Petea-Csengersima it appears isolated. In conclusion, we can state that the abandonment of the use of arched spaces filled with incised lines (decorative motif JB) takes places gradually during the evolution of the Suciu de Sus culture. Horizontal lines (motifs JC, JD, JE, JF and JG) are obtained in various ways. Their high frequency at Petea-Csengersima is also reflected in other sites of the recent phase of the Suciu de Sus culture258. Arches and lobes (the K group of ornaments - Typ. pl.4). Arches and lobes are obtained by excising the space around them. These form a numerous group of ornamental motifs, present on all serving vessel forms (amphorae, bowls/ dishes, cups). The dimensions of the arches and lobes as well as their arrangement lead to the occurrence of a great variety of ornamental motifs. The curving of the arch is oriented: downward (motifs KA, KB, KC, KJ, KK), upwards (motifs KE, KF, KG, KH), horizontally (KI, KO), or obliquely (KD, KL, KM, KN). KA, KB and K motifs D are arranged into horizontal strips that decorate the neck, shoulder or body of some vessels. In some cases arched motifs are also present on the upper side of the rims of the vessels (PL 52/9). KE and KF motifs border large spirals on an amphora (PI. 13). KG, KH and KJ type of arches represent the main ornaments on the bodies of the type IBa cups (PI. 15/4, 23/9, 36/6, 44/7, 46/2, 62/5). A similar situation is encountered in the case of the KK motif which adorns the lower part of the body of an amphora (PI. 4/4). Small, elongated lobes (in the shape of a tear-drop) have a secondary role in the general ornamentation of the vessels — KL, KM, KN motifs, and KO (PI. 26/2, 47/3, 63/7). Arched or lobed motifs are also present in the sites from the late phase of the Suciu de Sus culture259. These motifs are frequently used within the Cehăluţ—Hajdúbagos culture which is situated in the vicinity of the Suciu de Sus culture. They are obtained by marking the 252 Boroffka 1994, typtafel 14/19, 18/11,23/12. 253 Kacsó 2003, pl. III/1; Kacsó 2004, abb. 4/1. 254 Baroffka 1994, typtafel 14/5,6. 255Kacsó 1995, pl. VII1/10, IX/5; Kobály 1997, pl. II1/8, IV/1,7, V/6,7; Vasiliev et al. 2002, pl. 35/1, 42/3,4,9. 256 Máthe 1988, pl. 35/1,7, 36/1,2, 37/3,5; Németi - Molnár 2007, p.255-256, 274-275 (motifs 6A, 6B and 6C from the Otomani II phase and motifs 6A, 6B, 6C, 6F from Otomani III phase). 257 Kacsó 2004, abb. 2/1, 3/3; Kacsó 2005, pl. 1/19, 5/1,2, 6/9,12. 258 Kalicz 1960, t. VI/1; Bader 1972, pi. 4, 7/1; Pop 2003, fig.2/1; Kacsó 2003 XXXI/1; Kacsó 2004, abb. 3/8,9; Kacsó 2005, pi. 6/1; Kacsó 2006, pl. 12/11, 13/4. 259 Kalicz 1960, pl. V/10; Bader 1978, pl. LII/7; Kacsó 2003, pl. III/8, IV/2; Kacsó 2006, pl. 6/12,13. 42
