Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)

VI. Annexes

Indet. (medium size mammals)

29

5,88

Indet.

49

9,93

Total

493

100

Table 2. The distribution in number and percentage of the species and faunal remains, the Suciu de Sus culture

One consequence of the acid soil that destroyed the bones was the high number of indeterminable elements. The most important among domestic animals bred by that population were the Bovidae because they provided besides meat, also milk, leather etc. Swines provided mosdy teeth and mandible elements. Artificial bone alterations were hardly visible: 18 elements with chewing marks, 25 elements with cutting marks (all of them originated from large mammals), and only two burnt elements. One fragment had traces of processing (Fig. 1.): one right radius of a Bos taurus, the 'burnisher' type (the bone was probably used to make smooth surfaces, for example when processing leather). Unfortunately, the fragment is broken in its length, thus the surface that was processed is scarcely visible (only its edges).

Fig. 1. Processed bone from Csengersima, C514

Most of the archaeological complexes at Petea-Csengersima uncovered only 1-2 bone fragments. There were some pits with a larger number of bones. In the following we shall make a detailed presentation of the most interesting ones:

Complex 180: Except for some splinters and a sheep/goat radius with chewing marks, it comprised only Bovidae remains (and also 3 indeterminable elements that originated from large mammals, probably Bovidae)-.- Bos taurus-. 2 skull fragments, 3 mandible (and teeth) fragments that originated from at least 2 individuals with different ages, a fragment of a cut vertebra from an adult animal, a fragment of an adult humerus that was gnawed and cut, a fragment of a metapodium, a cut metacarpus, and a complete phalanx.- Ovicapra-. a gnawed radius.- large mammals: a splinter of a flat bone, a splinter of a cut diaphysis, the body of a vertebra of a young animal.

182