Grigorescu, Felicia: Forme de artă în cimitire evreieşti din nord-vestul Romaniei (Satu Mare, 2013)
Glosar de termeni
The stone keeps at the base of the decoration’s field, the relief of a circular or drained arch, which send at the shape from what it developed. It is a frequently met shape in the old Velenţa cemetery of Oradea, also identified in the cemetery of Debrecen. Almost in every urban cemetery appears a monolith kind of monument with the rectangular inferior part and with a slight curve inside in the superior quarter, with a pointed row on the border (Pic. 33). An original shape from the old cemetery from Oradea, never seen in other cemeteries before, is a monument with a drained arch shape with six faces (Pic. 34), like the shape of a facet basket arm. The arch’s ends recline on the two marginal pillars, with alignment of three, between are laid down two rectangular plagues made of white marble, shorter than the pillars, on which the epitaphs are written. A similar shape was identified in the cemetery from Baia Mare, this presenting in the hole between the outer pillars a decorative vase. Two marginal grooved pillars support the third, broader and a more various decoration. The epitaph is situated on a body between the inner pillars, which bears an decorative vase, too, the rest of the inner space remaining empty. Another rare shape is the rosette with concentrically separated lobes, some samples reaching significant dimensions. 6. Funeral ensembles and rabbi chapels I.C. Such an ensemble has been identified in the old cemetery from the central zone of Oradea. It preservation status allows a close picture to that what this monument at the moment of construction was. It is made up by a tall pedestal, as a platform, on which are resting both the popper monument as well as the surrounding elements (Pic. 35). In its embodiment enters a central body with an approximately square base, having a complex, tall form, which represents different successive recessions or extensions, ending in a sphere on the top, which makes it resemble to a chess pawn. It is the tallest monument from the entire studied area, having approximately 8 meters. In its lower side it has got a tall wooden door, with two cants, above which the wall is easily arched and presents a dentil like decoration. From this area begins a growing, trapeze and later rectangular plaque, on which the upper part of the letter making up the name STERN can be vaguely seen. The rest of the plaque’s content or whether it had contained Hebrew characters is not known. The monument’s surfaces present geometrical relief alternations, two pseudoroofs, and under the cornice of the first one exists in a peripheral way a frieze of leaves and clamps. The sphere from the monument’s top is girded in the center by a scarf’s relief, on which the word ÖRÖKKE can be clearly from the monument’s back read. The surrounding has three sides made up by pillars of approximately one meter, having the base of 40 x 40 cm, easily decreasing upwards, between them joining elements have preserved. In front of the monument are four such pillars, and between the central ones the four main access stairs leading to the monument’s pedestal can be found. The fourth side of the surrounding is mad up by a wall containing the monument too. The relics of some similar monuments can still be seen also in the old cemetery from Oradea, but unfortunately they are in an advanced stage of degradation, and their 122
