Habersack, Sabine - Puşcaş, Vasile - Ciubotă, Viorel (szerk.): Democraţia in Europa centrală şi de Sud-Est - Aspiraţie şi realitate (Secolele XIX-XX) (Satu Mare, 2001)
Stepan Vidnyansky: Central-Eastern Europe int he Period Between Two World Wars: Between Democracy and Dictatorship
1934 by Romania, Greece, Turkey and Yugoslavia (under the aegis of France again) wasn’t long-live, too. As a base of the new sistem of European security was Reims Guarantee pact, in accordance to which France, Germany and Belgium took obligations to respect existent borders and do not attack eachother. It was the first recognition of Germany as equitable partner in international affairs. In 1926 Germany was admited into the League of Nations. As constant member of Council it received the status of big country. On the negotiations about disarmament in 1932 it was promised to Germany equality in armament. Increasing of international activity and agression of Germany, especialy after the coming to power of the fascists, made France to look for the allies in Eastern Europe. In 1932 it signed a non-aggression pact with the USSR, and in 1935 it was signed Soviet-France assistance pact. France also signed treaties with Poland and Czechoslovakia with the obligation that France would give them support in case of German’s agression. The USSR signed analogous treaty with Czechoslovakia. But the actions of France and the USSR were dependent on the actions of eachother and on the League of Nations decision. England also looked for some counterforce to Germany and signed in 30th military alliance with France, Poland, Romania, Greece and Turkey. These and other international agreements opened ways to the common struggle against agressor, but they wasn’t adequate to the threat. They wasn’t realy powerfull sistems of security in Europe and little states of Central-Eastern Europe became the first victims of fascist Germany in the First World war. The weak point of the system of new states of the region as part of Versailles System was determinated not only by international factors, but by the absence of effective and logical international policy. In particular, the leaders in these states weren’t able to solve national problems. They created conditions for transformation of national minorities, especialy German, in ‘the fifth column’ of nazist Germany. 1939-1941 became the tragic final of all evolution of period between wars for the states of Central-Eastern Europe. Between democracy and dictatorship Literature Bibo István, Nisceta duha maleh vostocinoevropeiskeh gosudarstv. in Vengherski meridian, (Budapest), 1991, nr. 2. Veghes M. M, Vidneanski S., V., Kraine Tzentralno-Shidnoi Evrope ta ukrainske petania (1918-1939), Kiev-Uzhgorod, 1998. 149
