Diaconescu, Marius (szerk.): Mediaevalia Transilvanica 1998 (2. évfolyam, 1. szám)
Relaţii internaţionale
32 Marius Diaconescu attempted to subdue the rebelling voivode1®7. The matter concerns the so much argued campaign against Wallachia, which is usually placed in 1377 by the historiography, as an effect of the partial knowledge about the sources167 168. During that year, Vladislav Vlaicu passed away, probably in the context of the military conflict, or previously, in mysterious circumstances, and Radu I followed him on the throne169. The 1375 conflict170 was developed in more stages. The campaign, in course during the period between May and September, unfurled on two combat zones: the first, in the Severin Banate and in Wallachia, and the other one in Transylvania between Braşov and Sibiu, on the Făgăraş duchy territories. The clash from Wallachia took place some time in the first days of June, initially. A second Hungarian army fought the voivode's supporters from the Transylvanian duchies. It is too much for us to claim that there was, at a certain moment, the danger of a foray of the Romanian voivode's army into Transylvania171. In a document from the 25th of July 1375, the king wrote to the bishops of Transylvania and Vac that he had received their message. By that message the bishops communicated that the Saxons retired from the army, which endangered the king's safety where he was, at Zsombor, suggesting that he should move to a safer place172, Ş. Papacostea states that the army sent to Wallachia was defeated, which created an unstable position for the king in Transylvania173. The "probable" assumption of the historian is that "there was the danger of a Wallachian invasion". The reputed historian's theory immediately fails at a more careful analysis of the document. The bishops who led the action and informed the king that the Saxons had withdrawn and that the sovereign himself was in danger were somewhere in Transylvania. Otherwise, the danger threatening the king would not have been imminent. The distance between the king's residence and the fighting place was quite small for the sovereign to be 167 This Hungarian military campaign is less known to the Romanian historiography. The study of this episode in the Romanian-Hungarian relationships was approached with erudition by the Hungarian specialist in the Middle Ages period, L. B. Kumorovitz, I. Lajos királyunk 1375. évi Havasalföldi hadjárata (és „török”) háborúja, in Századok, 117, 1983, no. 5, pp. 919-979. The historian demonstrated, using original information, that the campaign known in the historiography to have taken place in 1377, dated according to some external narrative sources, actually took place in 1375. 168 The presentation of the problem in the Hungarian and Romanian historiography in L. B. Kumorovitz, op. cit., pp. 950-957. The discussion about the original information presented by the Hungarian historian in the Romanian historiography was made by Ş. Papacostea, Domni români şi regi angevini: înfruntarea finală (1370-1382), in idem. Geneza statului în evul mediu românesc. Studii critice, Cluj-Napoca, 1988, pp. 113-130. The first edition was published in AIIA ..AD Xenopol“, Iaşi, XXIII, 1986, 2, pp. 571-581. The Romanian historian used only a part of the original documentary information and ignored the most part of the conclusions the Hungarian historian drew. The new interpretation is not always a realistic one! Also, at p. 123, note 38, he still claims the existence of a clash between the voivode's army and Hungarian king's one, in 1377! 169 Gy. Kristó, Az Anjou-kor, p. 169. 170 Ş. Papacostea, Domni români şi regi angevini, p. 120, claims the parallel existence of the conflicts with Moldavia and Wallachia. 171 ibidem, p. 122. 172 Ibidem, p. 121. L. B. Kumorovitz, op. cit., p. 976. 173 Ş. Papacostea, Domni români şi regi angevini, p. 122.
