Marta, Liviu (szerk.): Satu Mare. Studii şi comunicări. Seria arheologie 29/1. (2013)
Laura Dietrich: Projectile weapons of the Late Bronze Age int he Easter Europe. The case of the Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni cultural complex
Laura Dietrich Their faceted or flat blade is more or less triangular, with a straight or rounded cutting edge. Some of the variants have hafting plates; some others are hafted at the lower part of the blade. Projectile points of this type have lengths between 3 cm and 6,4 cm and widths up to 2,2 cm. Five variants could be identified: A. With rivet holes on the hafting plate (bone). Projectile points of this variant can be elongated, with a triangular hafting plate and up to four rivets, or shorter, with a polygonal plate and one rivet. The hafting plate forms nearly half of the total length, so that the hafting was presumably very stable. The blade is faceted (up to four facets). B. With hafting plate and straight base, without rivet holes (bone). The hafting plate is triangular and can be shorter or longer, the blade has up to four facets. C. Faceted, with a concave base (bone). Projectile points of this variant have faceted blades and can have an extra facet in the upper part of the concave base, probably for a better hafting or imitating the retouches of flint points; the resulting two pointed barbs strengthen the halting. D. Flat, without hafting plate, with straight base (flint). E. Flat, with concave base (flint). The barbs are curved to the inside. The flint variants D and E are very common in the whole geographic area under discussion and have a very long tradition starting from the Neolithic. Both variants were mentioned by Florescu37 for the NC. Klochko38 assumes a replacement of the traditional flint points by bone and bronze projectile points in the Late Bronze Age. However, one can see that they are still present in the NSC. The bone variant C was also defined for the NC by Klochko39 under the name ‘hollow arrowheads’. The variants A and B with hafting plates were illustrated by Florescu40. Type 4. Triangular tanged or socketed projectile points with a wide blade (bone and bronze) These projectile points have a wide triangular blade which is mostly flat-oval in diameter, and a clearly delimitated lower part in form of a tang or a socket, which can be longer, shorter or of equal length with the blade. Some variants of type 4 are quite long (up to 8 cm), the width varies between 0,8 cm and 2,2 cm. A. Long, flat and wide tang with straight base and triangular blade (bone). B. Similar form, but the base is concave (bone). C. Socketed projectile points with triangular blade and barbs (bone and bronze). D. Socketed projectile points with oval blade (bronze). E. Tanged projectile points with protruding barbs (bronze). F. Thin tanged and pointed barbs (diverse variants of shape are known based on casting moulds only). G. Elongated blade and short tang. H. Tang in form of a ‘T. I. Socketed projectile points with triangular faceted blade. Variants A and B were defined for the NC by Beldiman41 based on the finds from Zoltán. The tangs can be strapped to the wooden shaft or inserted in it; possibilities for hafting are illustrated by Beldiman42. The socketed projectile points of variants C and D were defined by Klochko43 and illustrated also by Florescu44. Also the tanged projectile points of variants E and F (‘Kherson type’ and ‘Slobodka type’) and H and I (‘Sovorovo type’) were defined by Klochko45. Type 5. Narrow faceted tanged or socketed projectile points (bone or bronze) Projectile points of this type have mostly three, sometimes four facets and are longer in 37 Florescu 1991, 73, fig. 163/3, 6, 10. “Klochko 2001, 199-202, especially 202. 39Klochko 2001, 199, fig. 79/1-3. 40 Florescu 1991, fig. 142,8/10. 41 Beldiman 2002, 117/3, 5, types 3 and 5. 42Beldiman 2002, fig. 16/II-III. 43 Klochko 2001, 202, fig. 79/16. 44 Florescu 1991, fig. 112/1,2; 141/2. 45 Klochko 2001, 201, ba, bb, be, bd and be fig. 79/13-15. 186
