Astaloş, Ciprian (szerk.): Satu Mare. Studii şi comunicări. Seria arheologie 28/1. (2012)
Ágnes Király: A biritual cemetery of the Gáva culture int he Middle Tisza Region and some further notes ont he burial customs of the LBA-EIA in Eastern Hungary
that point, the complexes were excavated manually, and finally a group of 8 urn-graves and a crouched skeleton of a child was unearthed (P3/B)2. Description of the graves3 Grave 1 - Ft. 73/Str. 159 (P4. 1) Inhumation burial of an 11-14-year-old child4, the corpse was placed directly on the subsoil, at a depth of 40 cm. Flexed to the right side, oriented along the SW-NE axis, with the head pointing to the SW, face turned to the S. Hands crossed in the lap, legs tightly bent under the pelvis, standing apeak, slightly tilted to the right. Most parts of the skull and the lower limbs were destroyed by the front shovel excavator. Apart from three ribs and a single cervical vertebra, the bones of the torso were completely missing, hands and feet also turned up quite deficiently. A larger cup (P7. I) lay on the left side of the deceaseds chest, above the left arm and a smaller one (P7. 2) was placed to the left of his pelvis, onto the ground. Further sherds of Gáva type pottery were found above the pelvic girdle, but they could not be certainly related to the grave. The left side of the skull showed a relatively large stain of bronze patina, but the adjacent object was missing from the grave. 1. Cup (P7.1)5 a. Large cup with rounded, uneven rim, curved conical body with thin wall, omphalos base and a strap handle starting under the rim. b. Handmade of fine paste without tempering material added. c. Oxidized, light brown-dark grey patchy on both faces of the wall. d. R: 13 - 14 cm; F: 5 cm; H: 9 cm; W: 0,3 - 0,6 cm. e. DJM 2011.3.1.1. f. Widespread prehistoric vessel form, relatively common in the Gáva culture. Similar, but with a peak on the rim, above the handle are known from the cemetery of Taktabáj (Graves 5, 8, 9, 10 and 16: Kemenczei 1984, Taf. CLVIII. 18; Taf. CLIX. 11, 15; Taf. CLX. 5.; Taf. CLXI. 8); from Vencsellő-Kastélykert (Dani 1999, IV. tábla la-b), Debrecen-Nyu/as (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. CXXV. 6); Szeged-Öthalom (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. CXXV. 7.); Szabolcs (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. CXXXI. 22); Tiszatardos (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. CXXXIV. 16) and Priigy (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. CLV. 7). Also known from the eastern territory of the Gáva complex, eg. in Chişinău (Corlăteni - Chişinău Group; Leviţki 1994, Fig. 10, 9) and from other Late Bronze Age cultures of the Alföld, even in the REI BD-HA1 cemetery of Csórva (Trogmayer 1963, Taf. XIV. 10). Piliny culture: Patvarc (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. XI. 21); Szécsény (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. XIII. 14, 24); Bodrogkeresztúr (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. XXXIII. 12). Kyjatice culture: the cemetery of Szajla (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. LXXIII. 5; Taf. LXXV. 12, 18, 22; Taf. LXXVII. 25; Taf. LXXVIII. 9, 16; Taf. LXXXIII. 2, 24; Taf. LXXXV. 6, 11, 23; Taf. LXXXVI. 20; Taf. LXXXVII. 15) and Ózd- Kőalja (Kemenczei 1984, Taf. XC. 13). The form is also common in the Lausitz culture and in the whole Urnfield region. Ágnes Király 2 During the preliminary field survey in 2006, greater amount of prehistoric sherds and broken human bones were found on the sand-hill (reported by Judit Tárnoki; KÖH 600/272/2007.). As by the excavation in 2009 two early medieval inhumation burials were brought to light close to the Gáva graves, we cannot certainly assert to which cemetery the bones has originally belonged. 3 Stratigraphical numbers (in brackets) of the complexes were replaced with serial numbers from Grave 1 to 9 according to their geographical position (N-S; W-E). 4 The anthropological determination was carried out by Zsuzsanna Zoffmann. See the detailed report in this volume. 5 Legend: 1. Name (PI.) a. Formal description b. Technological description (material, shaping, surface treatment) c. Firing, colour d. Proportions (R: rim diameter, S: shoulder diameter, B: belly diameter, F: foot diameter, FI: height, h: measurable hight, W: wall thickness) e. Inventory Nr. Main analogies 110
