Virag, Paula (szerk.): Satu Mare. Studii şi comunicări. Seria istorie-etnografie-artă 27/2. (2011)
B. Etnografie
Cziker András *** Czikker családhoz tartozó személyek anyakönyvi adatai. *** Lengyel József Munkakönyvé. Kibocsátotta: întreprinderea Industriei Locale „I.C. Frimu” Cărei, (a nagykárolyi „I.C. Frimu” Helyi Ipari Vállalat) 1961. június. 12. P.R. sorozat, 163317. szám. *** Nagykároly megyei városban iparjogosítvánnyal rendelkező keresztény kereskedők és iparosok névjegyzéke 1942-ben. Kivonat az Ipartestület irattárából. The history of the comb making handicraft in Carei. Presentation of the tools, technological processes and of products Abstract During centuries, the homs comb making was transformed intő an occupation. It was brought to Carei at the beginning of the 20th Century by my grandfather, Andrei Czikker, a small artisan who implemented it usingl9th Century manual technology. Later, my father mechanized somé tradiţional technological procedures, developing a genuine industry until the middle of the 20th Century. He thus succeeded to secure, for one and a half decade, somé 60 work places. In the aftermath of the Second World War, when in Carei there were very few workplaces, this was a major achievement. My study describes in detail the manual technology of comb manufacturing in the 19th Century and the mechanized version developed during the 1930s. In order to illustrate this I have equipped a workshop with tools and tradiţional means of comb making, currently being the most fitted in East-Central Europe. At the beginning of the pást Century it has been foreseen that the comb making handicraft, based on tradiţional technology would not have a future. Its predictable extinction was due to the development of science and technology which made the competition with the industrial production of combs - which was much cheaper and realized in a larger quantity by plastic raw materials - impossible fór the small artisans who used to work with tradiţional method. Thus, the process of comb manufacturing was transformed in a mass production, where the use of automation, of Computers and of robots, on a large scale, had radically changed the Professional qualifications. In the memory of the comb making skill the пате of „Fésűs” [which means comb maker in Hungárián] is still preserved, such as this study reveals by presenting the tools, technological processes and the resulting products of the homs comb making skill in detail. 124
