Ciubotă, Viorel (szerk.): Satu Mare. Studii şi comunicări. Seria istorie-etnografie-artă 17-21/2. (2000-2004)
A. Istorie
A munkácsi rutén püspökség helyzete a Rákocfiak korában 63 După înfrângerea răscoalei şi încheierea păcii de la Satu Mare, episcopia ruteană a fost puternic subordonată politic de către Curtea de la Viena, situaţie din care a reuşit să se emandpesşe abia în timpul domniei împărătesei Maria Teresa. The situation of Ruthenian bishopric from Mukacevo in the time of transylvanian princes Rákóczi Summary First time mentioned in the donation act, dated at the end of XIV-th century, made by the prince of Podolia, Teodor Koriatovic, the ruthenian bishopric from Mukacevo was first time officially attested during the reign of the king Mathias Corvin. The local noblemans, owners in the XV-XVI-th centuries over the estates from Mukacevo, had imposed their authority and landlordship, reserving oneself also the controlling power and the right over the church life. For to prevent the excesses of the nobles, the ruthenian bishops have solicited the help of hungarian kings, and later, during the osman occupation of Central Hungary, those of imperial officials for the Upper Hungary, respectivelly of the captain of walled town Kosice. After the peace treaty from Vienna in 1606, a major part of the Mukakvo diocese territories became under the rule of transylvanian princes. The Castle of Mukacevo became their estate too. Due to this fact, the ruthenian bishops became vassals of transyvanian princes, whom they must ask the permission for carrying on of their activity. As result of the Union-act of ruthenian bishops from Eastern Poland with the Pome Church, concluded in Brest at 1596, the ruthenian clergy from this country succed to escape from the nobiliar oligarchy's power and to undertake his social and national statute. This Union-act will have an advantageous effect on the development of ruthenians national culture and spiritual life. Under the influence of Brest-union, the ruthenian clergy from Hungary too, searched way acquire the same rights for himself and his parishioners. The intermediaries in the establishing of contacts between the ruthenian clergy and the Pome Church officials were to nobles Drugeth from Humenne, on which lands lived many ruthenians. The person who established the way for the conversion to the greek-catholic faith was the ruthenian bishop Bafil Tarasovic, appointed in the bishop's chair in 1635 by the transylvanian prince Gheorghe Pákócfi I. After the negociations with the roman-catholic bishop from Eger and the Primate of Hungary, in 1640 was concluded an agreement. But the agreement was balked at the intervention of Gheorghe Pákócfi I, hostile to Catholirism and the Habsburgs influence through it. At his order, the captain of the Castel Mukacevo put under distraint Tarasovic, getting him in the castle's jail. This action provoked the protests of the time's political leaders, which follows to the liberation of bishop. But was suspended for some years the conversion to the greek-catholicfaith. After the death of Gheorghe Rákócfi I, his policy was continued by his widow, Zsuzsanna Eórántffy, who balked every attemptfor the conversion. She supported Ivan Zejkan, opposer to conversion, in the bishop's chair. The situation has changed only after the death of the princess, when the catholic wife of Gheorghe Rákócfl II, Zsófia Báthory had intermediated the conversion-act of ruthenians to greek-catholic faith. Through the acknowledge in 1665 by the Primate of Hungary, György Uppay, of Peter Parthen as greek-catholic bishop from Mukacevo was opened the way to the massy conversion of ruthenians, process finished only at the end of XVII- th century. The man who consolidate the authority of ruthenian bishopric in it's relationship with Borne and the Court from Vienna, was joannes de Camelis, an erudite church personality. Also he improved the financial position of bishopric, by the recuperating of estade from Mukacevo, abusely occupied by the Rákócfi family. Due to the unleash of antihabsburgical rebellion of Francisc Rákócfi II, the ruthenian bishops from Mukacevo were in the delicate situation to depend from the results of its display on their diocese. For example, Ivan Hodermarski, conssidered non-loyal, was replaced by the prince Francisc Rákócfi II, with Peter Kaminski, loyal with him and the cause of rebellion.
