B. Papp szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 36. 2005 (Budapest, 2005)
Barina, Zoltán, Harmos, Krisztián; Schmotzer, András: Orobanche cernua in Hungary
cernua have been deposited in the Herbarium of the Hungarian Natural History Museum (BP). Orobanche cernua as an independent species was not published from Hungary earlier, only O. cumana was reported from sunflower cultures. In August 2004 at a distance of about 1 km from the place Gyulakeszi Krisztián Harmos and Balázs Pintér found a new occurrence (B átonyterenye: Gyulatáró) of Orobanche cernua under similar circumstances: alkaline-like soil and halophyte plants. He later visited this site again together with Zoltán Barina. These two habitats are very peculiar. They look like a mixture of a quarry and a white alkali: a steep slope with plants growing only sporadically. At the time of the visit the dominant species were Artemisia santonicum L. and Bassia sedoides (Pall.) Asch., and there were other halophytes such as Ranunculus pedatus W. et K., Ceratocephalus orthoceras DC., Scorzonera laciniata L., Lepidium perfoliatum L. and other locally rare species: Lappula heteracantha (Ledeb.) Borb., Aster linosyris (L.) Bernh., etc. The places Gyulakeszi and Gyulatáró are tectonic elevations. Their rhyolite tuff bedrock ("Gyulakeszi Riolittufa Formáció"; HÁMOR 1985) has become exposed by natural erosion and later partly by illegal mining. The most typical mineral of this bedrock is Na-montmorillonite, which is very rare in Hungary. The special quality of rhyolite tuff with Na-montmorillonite allowed the establishment for alkaline plants on the bare surface. We plan to further investigate these places. After identifying the specimens from Bátonyterenye the authors checked the herbarium of BP searching for O. cernua. Among the specimens designated as Orobanche cumana 4 sheets of O. cernua were found: two from Ferenc Németh (02. 06.1977, Kiskunság National Park: Fülöpszállás; det. Ferenc Radies partly as O. coerulescens and as O. cumana and O. cernua; cit. in SZUJKÓ-LACZA and KOVÁTS 1993, p. 217; inventory numbers are 499914 and 499915), and two from Júlia Szujko-Lacza (19.07.1978, Kiskunság National Park: between Jakabszállás ana Kunszentmiklós; det. Ferenc Radies as O. cumana Wallr.; cit. in SZUJKÓLACZA and KOVÁTS 1993, p. 217; inventory numbers are 496030 and 496031). Talking with botanists many other occurrences of O. cernua became known. Several colleagues have seen and/or collected specimens of O. cernua, but they considered them to be O. cumana or they could not identified them exactly. A. Schmotzer observed O. cernua near Heves (4 populations) and later in the Jászság region ( 1 locality). Gusztáv Jakab (ex verb.) reported it from Tótkomlós and LENDVAI (2005) from alkali soils of the Mezőföld region (Aba, Alap, Felsőszentiván, Felsőtöbörzsök, Sárszentágota).
